Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

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All

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
A10AB01	ACTRAPID	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	752,552 L.L
A10AB01	ACTRAPID	BioTech	Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	752,552 L.L
N01BB58	ARTINIBSA 4% WITH EPINEPHRINE 1/100000	B	Articaine HCl - 4%, Epinephrine - 1/100.000		Injectable solution	1,968,729 L.L
N01BB58	ARTICAINE MEDIS ADRENALINE	G	Articaine HCl - 40mg/ml, Adrenaline - 0.07mg/ml		Injectable solution	1,881,380 L.L
A10AB06	APIDRA SOLOSTAR	BioTech	Insulin glulisine - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	3,942,834 L.L
L03AB07	AVONEX	BioTech	Interferon beta-1a - 30mcg/0.5ml	30mcg/0.5ml	Injectable solution	70,488,764 L.L
A10AB06	APIDRA	BioTech	Insulin glulisine - 100IU/ml	100IU/ml	Injectable solution	2,221,372 L.L
J01MA14	AVALOX	B	Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 400mg/250ml	400mg/250ml	Injectable solution	9,052,935 L.L
B03XA01	ALPEEN	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 10,000IU	10000IU	Injectable solution	4,036,903 L.L
B03XA01	ALPEEN	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 10,000IU	10,000IU	Injectable solution	10,661,285 L.L
L04AB01	ALTEBREL	BioTech	Etanercept - 50mg/1ml	50mg/1ml	Injectable solution	L.L
B03XA01	ALPEEN	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000IU	4000IU	Injectable solution	8,728,144 L.L
B03XA01	ALPEEN	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000IU	4000IU	Injectable solution	1,127,036 L.L
B03XA01	ALPEEN	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000IU	4000IU	Injectable solution	4,748,244 L.L
B03XA01	ALPEEN	BioTech	Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 40,000IU	40,000IU	Injectable solution	11,210,836 L.L
B05AA01	ALBUKEY	BioHuman	Albumin human - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	4,863,366 L.L
A03BA01	ATROPINE	G	Atropine sulfate - 1mg/ml	1mg/ml	Injectable solution	702,149 L.L
B05AA01	ALBUREL HUMAN ALBUMIN BP	BioHuman	Albumin human - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	3,240,004 L.L
A03BA01	ATROPINE SULFATE RENAUDIN	G	Atropine sulfate - 1mg/ml	0.1%	Injectable solution	397,777 L.L
B05AA01	ALBUREL HUMAN ALBUMIN BP	BioHuman	Albumin human - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	6,353,687 L.L
A03BA01	ATROPINE I.V. 0.25 MG.	G	Atropine - 0.25mg/ml	0.25mg/ml	Injectable solution	2,412,129 L.L
B05AA01	ALBUTEIN	BioHuman	Albumin human - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	7,154,928 L.L
A03BA01	ATROPINE	G	Atropine sulfate - 0.5mg/ml	0.5mg/ml	Injectable solution	680,315 L.L
B05AA01	ALBUTEIN	BioHuman	Albumin human - 20%		Injectable solution	4,031,528 L.L
A03BA01	ATROPINE SULFATE RENAUDIN	G	Atropine sulfate - 0.5mg/ml	0.5mg	Injectable solution	385,683 L.L
A03BA01	ATROPINE SULFATEAGUETTANT	G	Atropine - 0.1mg/ml	0.1mg/ml	Injectable solution	7,805,376 L.L
A03BB01	ANTIPAN	G	Hyoscine N butylbromide - 20mg/ml		Injectable solution	355,798 L.L
A03BB01	ANTIPAN	G	Hyoscine N butylbromide - 20mg/ml		Injectable solution	2,557,140 L.L
L04AB01	ALTEBREL	BioTech	Etanercept - 50mg/1ml	50mg/1ml	Injectable solution	14,833,767 L.L
B05BA01	AMINOVEN 10%	B	Glacial Acetic Acid 99% - 5.297g/l, L-Proline - 15.0g/l, L-Alanine - 15.0g/l, Glycine - 14.0g/l, L-Histidine - 3.00g/l, L-Arginine - 12.0g/l, L-Valine - 6.20g/l, L-Tryptophan - 2.00g/l, L-Threonine - 4.40g/l, L-Phenylalanine - 5.10g/l, L-Methionine - 4.30g/l, L-Lysine (monoacetate) - 6.60g/l, L-Leucine - 7.40g/l, L-Isoleucine - 5.00g/l		Injectable solution	951,440 L.L

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