Intestinal Infections

Generalities
Agent	Several agents are responsible of the occurrence of intestinal infections. Some are listed below. 1) Bacteria: - Campylobacter: spiral-shaped bacteria with 17 species including C. jejuni and C. coli - Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli EHEC, known as Verocytotoxin producing E. coli VTEC, or Shiga-toxin producing E.coli STEC. It includes the serogroups O26, O45, O111, O103, O121 - Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli EIEC: includes the serogroups O28ac, O29, O112, O124, O136, O143, O144, O152, O164, O167 - Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli ETEC, elaborates enterotoxines and includes the serogroups O6, O8, O15, O20, O25, O27, O63, O78, O80, O114, O115, O128ac, O148, O153, O157, O159, O167, O169 - Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli EPEC: includes the serogroups O55, O86, O111, O119, O125, O126, O127, O128ab, O142 - Salmonella: Bacteria: non-typhoid salmonella serotypes - Shigella: Shigella dysenteriae, S. flexneri, S. boydii, S. sonnei - Other bacteria 2) Virus: - Rotavirus: family Reoviridae. It includes several groups A-F. Group A , the most common, includes several serotypes. - Other viruses 3) Parasites: - Entamoeba histolytica: protozoa - Giardiasis: Giardia intestinalis (formely lamblia or duodenalis)
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 51 (2007): Amibiasis - MOPH circular no. 51 (2007): Shigellosis
Forms	- General reporting form - Dysentery investigation form
Data	Refer to "Surveillance Data" section