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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
A02BC01 MEDIZOLE GP G Omeprazole - 20mg 20mg Capsule, hard, gastro-resistant 503,941 L.L
B05CX01 SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 205,703 L.L
C09CA06 ARKANDA 16 G Candesartan cilexetil - 16mg 16mg Tablet 700,078 L.L
C10AA07 CRESULIP 20 G Rosuvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 575,933 L.L
G04CA04 SILODOSINE BIOGARAN G Silodosine - 8mg 8mg Capsule 555,007 L.L
J01DD04 LEBACEF G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable powder for solution 3,455,595 L.L
J01XA01 VANCO MEDIS G Vancomycin - 1g 1g Injectable lyophilisate for solution 1,276,650 L.L
L01BA04 PEMETREXED NEAPOLIS G Pemetrexed (disodium) - 500mg Injectable powder 41,289,202 L.L
N05AH03 PREXAL 10 G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Caplet, film coated 881,561 L.L
N06DA02 DOPEZIL G Donepezil HCl - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,034,759 L.L
R03DC03 MONTELUKAST-SANDOZ G Montelukast (sodium) - 5mg 5mg Tablet, chewable 1,139,034 L.L
A02BC01 NEOOPRAZOLE G Omeprazole - 20mg 20mg Capsule, hard, gastro-resistant 407,184 L.L
A10BX02 REPAGLINIDE ARROW LAB G Repaglinide - 0.5mg 0.5mg Tablet 831,839 L.L
B05CX01 SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 221,792 L.L
C09CA06 CANDESARTAN BIOGARAN G Candesartan cilexetil - 16mg 16mg Tablet, scored 434,061 L.L
C10AA07 LIPIROSE OBP 20 G Rosuvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 639,925 L.L
G04CA52 DUTAMSUVITAE G Tamsulosin HCl - 0.4mg, Dutasteride - 0.5mg Capsule, hard 2,168,962 L.L
J01DD04 LEBACEF G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable powder for solution+diluent 511,940 L.L
J01XA01 ZERMACIN G Vancomycin (HCl) - 1g 1g Injectable lyophilised powder for solution 1,066,115 L.L
L01BA04 PEMETREXED SPC G Pemetrexed (disodium) - 500mg 500mg Injectable concentrated powder for solution 43,746,515 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAPINE ARROW G Olanzapine - 7.5mg 7.5mg Tablet 822,432 L.L
R03DC03 RELIEFAST G Montelukast (sodium) - 5mg 5mg Tablet, chewable 1,034,119 L.L
A02BC01 OMEDAR G Omeprazole - 20mg 20mg Tablet, enteric coated 18,087,352 L.L
A07EC02 SALCROZINE G Mesalazine - 1g 1g Tablet, gastroresistant 4,073,187 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 7.5% INJECTION USP G Glucose - 7.5% 7.5% Injectable solution 148,566 L.L
C09CA06 CANDESARTAN BIOGARAN G Candesartan cilexetil - 32mg 32mg Tablet, scored 434,061 L.L
C10AA07 PMS-ROSUVASTATIN G Rosuvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet 564,414 L.L
D10BA01 CURACNE G Isotretinoin - 10mg 10mg Capsule, soft gelatin 970,254 L.L
G04CA52 DUTASTERIDE/TAMSULOSINE ARROW G Tamsulosin HCl - 0.4mg, Dutasteride - 0.5mg Capsule 1,337,123 L.L
J01DD04 LEBACEF G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable powder for solution+diluent 511,940 L.L
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