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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C09CA04 GIZLAN G Irbesartan - 150mg 150mg Tablet, film coated 748,520 L.L
C10AA05 TOVAST G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 2,412,197 L.L
D10AD01 AVOTIN-A G Tretinoin - 0.05% 0.05% Cream 440,780 L.L
G04BE08 TADALAGEN G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,766,193 L.L
J01DB04 CEFAZOLIN PANPHARMA G Cefazolin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 5,521,849 L.L
J01MA12 LOXAMOX G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 747,176 L.L
N06AB10 PRYLEX 15 G Escitalopram (oxalate) - 15mg 15mg Tablet, film coated 921,492 L.L
R03AK06 PROPIONATE DE FLUTICASONE/ SALMETEROL ARROW G Salmeterol - 50mcg/dose, Fluticasone propionate - 100mcg/dose Inhalation powder 1,593,797 L.L
R06AX27 DELINE-MED G Desloratadine - 0.5mg/ml 0.5mg/ml Syrup 259,810 L.L
A02BC01 ULCAZAL G Omeprazole (sodium) - 40mg 40mg Injectable sterile lyophilised powder for solution 5,916,747 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 171,228 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C09CA04 IBECARD 150- IPS G Irbesartan - 150mg 150mg Tablet, film coated 564,414 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVASTATINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Atorvastatin - 80mg 80mg Tablet, coated 564,414 L.L
D10AD01 KETREL G Tretinoin - 0.05% 0.05% Cream 397,777 L.L
G04BE08 TADILAS G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,583,046 L.L
J01DB04 CEFAZOLINA G Cefazolin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 18,574,396 L.L
J01MA12 PILOQ G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 980,365 L.L
L01EJ01 CELEZON G Ruxolitinib - 20mg 20mg Tablet 188,515,591 L.L
L04AA13 AROTAN G Leflunomide - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 2,014,420 L.L
N04BA02 CARLEVO G Levodopa - 100mg, Carbidopa - 25mg Tablet 2,431,715 L.L
N06AB10 APO-ESCITALOPRAM G Escitalopram (oxalate) - 20mg 20mg Tablet 1,087,169 L.L
R06AX27 DESLAMED G Desloratadine - 0.5mg/ml 0.5mg/ml Solution 323,802 L.L
A02BC01 OMEPRAL G Omeprazole - 20mg 20mg Powder for suspension 712,876 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 5% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 158,587 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C09CA04 IRBAVEL 150 G Irbesartan - 150mg 150mg Tablet, film coated 564,414 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVASTATINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Atorvastatin - 80mg 80mg Tablet, coated 564,414 L.L
D10AD01 RETACNYL - 0.05 % G Tretinoin - 0.05% Cream 584,571 L.L
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