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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
J01CA04 MOXILEN G Amoxicillin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable dry powder for solution 998,475 L.L
J07AH MENFIVE G Meningococcal (serogroups A, C, Y, W, X) Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine - Injectable freeze dried powder + diluent 3,527,587 L.L
J07BD52 MEASLES, MUMPS AND RUBELLA VACCINE LIVE ATTENUATED (FREEZE-DRIED) MMR G Rubella virus live attenuated - ?1000CCID50 /0.5ml, Mumps virus live attenuated - ?5000CCID50 /0.5ml, Measles virus live attenuated - ?1000CCID50 /0.5ml Injectable freeze dried powder + diluent 739,113 L.L
J02AX05 MYCAMINE B Micafungin (sodium) - 50mg 50mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution 13,170,341 L.L
L01FX02 MYLOTARG BioTech Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin - 4.5mg 4.5mg Injectable powder 748,160,090 L.L
J01DD04 MEGION-A G Ceftriaxone - 0.5g/2ml, Lidocaine (ampoule) - 0.5g/2ml Injectable powder + solvent 342,285 L.L
J01DD04 MEGION-A G Ceftriaxone - 1g/3.5ml, Lidocaine (ampoule) - 1g/3.5ml Injectable powder + solvent 599,719 L.L
G03GA02 MERIONAL HG BioHuman Menotropin - 75IU 75IU Injectable powder + solvent 24,771,315 L.L
G03GA02 MERIONAL HG BioHuman Menotropin - 150IU 150IU Injectable powder + solvent 41,777,992 L.L
G03GA02 MERIONAL HG BioHuman Menotropin - 900IU 900IU Injectable powder + solvent 25,830,983 L.L
A16AB07 MYOZYME BioTech Alglucosidase alfa, recombinant human acid - 50mg 50mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution 54,382,728 L.L
A16AB07 MYOZYME BioTech Alglucosidase alfa, recombinant human acid - 50mg 50mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution L.L
L01FD01 MABTIN 440 BioTech Trastuzumab (r-DNA origin) - 440mg 440mg Injectable powder for solution 70,042,700 L.L
J01DD04 MEDAXONUM G Ceftriaxone (disodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 15,482,229 L.L
H02AB04 METHYLPREDNISOLONE ORBUCELL INJ. G Methylprednisolone sodium succinate - 40mg 40mg Injectable powder for solution 2,143,749 L.L
H02AB04 MP 40 G Methylprednisolone - 40mg 40mg Injectable powder for solution 219,046 L.L
H02AB04 METHYLPREDNISOLONE ORBUCELL INJ. G Methylprednisolone sodium succinate - 125mg 125mg Injectable powder for solution 5,784,922 L.L
H02AB04 MP 500 G Methylprednisolone - 500mg 500mg Injectable powder for solution 5,316,241 L.L
J02AX05 MEGMENTO G Micafungin (sodium) - 50mg 50mg Injectable powder for solution 9,530,364 L.L
J02AX05 MEGMENTO G Micafungin (sodium) - 100mg 100mg Injectable powder for solution 17,158,569 L.L
J01DH02 MERONEM B Meropenem (trihydrate) - 500mg 500mg Injectable powder for solution 10,398,061 L.L
J01DH02 MERONEM B Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 10,398,061 L.L
J01DH02 MEROLIN G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 2,311,146 L.L
J01DH02 MEROPENEM LABATEC G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 7,278,513 L.L
J01DH02 MEROPENEM MEDIS G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 6,443,725 L.L
J01DH02 MEROPENEM PANPHARMA G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 7,278,513 L.L
J01DH02 MEROPENEM/ ANFARM G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 6,443,725 L.L
J01DH02 MEROZAN G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 6,443,725 L.L
J01DH02 MIRAN G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 819,744 L.L
J01CR02 MOXICLAV G Amoxicillin - 1g, Clavulanic Acid - 200mg 1.2g Injectable powder for solution 162,605 L.L
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