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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
N01BB52 DILOCAIN 2% G Lidocaine HCl - 20mg/1.7ml, Epinephrine (bitartrate) - 0.0125mg/1.7ml Injectable solution 2,768,316 L.L
B05BC01 MANNITOL 10% USP INJECTION G Mannitol - 10% 10% Injectable solution 326,367 L.L
J06BA02 PRIVIGEN BioHuman Immunoglobulin human - 5g/50ml 10% Injectable solution 42,577,976 L.L
M01AB55 PANCLO B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Betamethasone disodium phosphate - 2mg, Hydroxocobalamin sulphate - 10mg Injectable solution 1,158,392 L.L
N01BB53 MEDICAINE 2% WITH ADRENALINE G Mepivacaine HCl - 36mg/1.8ml, Epinephrine (tartrate) - 0.032mg/1.8ml Injectable solution 1,652,926 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 30g/100ml 30g/100ml Injectable solution 944,626 L.L
J06BA02 CLAIRYG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 50mg/ml 10g/200ml Injectable solution 74,469,269 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Prednisolone sodium phosphate - 10.08mg, Hydroxocobalamin acetate - 10.44mg Injectable solution 978,317 L.L
B05CX01 GLUCOSE INJ. G Glucose - 6g/20ml 30% Injectable solution 5,157,668 L.L
J06BA02 IG VENA BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin - 10g/200ml 10g/200ml Injectable solution 53,767,929 L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 219,493 L.L
J06BA02 KIOVIG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 54,343,313 L.L
M01AC01 INFLACAM G Piroxicam - 20mg/ml 20mg/ml Injectable solution 190,826 L.L
N01BB58 ARTINIBSA 4% WITH EPINEPHRINE 1/100000 B Articaine HCl - 4%, Epinephrine - 1/100.000 Injectable solution 1,968,729 L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 170,079 L.L
J06BA02 OCTAGAM BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 50mg/ml 10g/200ml Injectable solution 71,676,672 L.L
N01BB58 SEPTANEST ADRENALINEE B Articaine HCl - 72mg/1.8ml, Adrenaline (tartrate) - 0.033mg/1.8ml 1/100,000 Injectable solution 2,945,703 L.L
N03AX14 KEPAM MS G Levetiracetam - 500mg/5ml 500mg/5ml Injectable solution 9,170,015 L.L
L01FF03 IMFINZI BioTech Durvalumab - 500mg/10ml 500mg/10ml Injectable solution L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 194,211 L.L
J06BA02 PRIVIGEN BioHuman Immunoglobulin human - 10% 10% Injectable solution 76,970,900 L.L
N01BB58 ARTICAINE MEDIS ADRENALINE G Articaine HCl - 40mg/ml, Adrenaline - 0.07mg/ml Injectable solution 1,881,380 L.L
N03AX14 LEVIPRAM IV G Levetiracetam - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 1,869,733 L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 284,997 L.L
J06BA02 HIZENTRA 1G BioHuman Immunoglobulin human - 1g/5ml 20% Injectable solution 9,246,433 L.L
N01BB58 ORABLOC G Articaine HCl - 4%, Epinephrine (tartrate) - 1/100.000 Injectable solution 2,308,721 L.L
N03AX14 LEVIPRAM IV G Levetiracetam - 1000mg/100ml 1000mg/100ml Injectable solution 2,911,659 L.L
L03AB07 RECIGEN 44 BioTech Interferon beta-1a - 44mcg/0.5ml 44mcg/0.5ml Injectable solution L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 220,643 L.L
C02CA06 TACHYBEN G Urapidil - 25mg/5ml 25mg/5ml Injectable solution 1,439,255 L.L
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