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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
D08AX02 EOSIN AQUEUSE G Eosin - 2% 2% Solution 98,548 L.L
D08AX02 EOSIN ALCOHOLIC G Eosin - 1% 1% Solution 108,787 L.L
D08AX02 EOSIN AQUEUSE G Eosin - 1% 1% Solution 84,470 L.L
A07EA06 ENTOCORT CIR G Budesonide - 3mg 3mg Capsule, hard, modified release 7,823,588 L.L
A07EA06 ENTOCORT CIR G Budesonide - 3mg 3mg Capsule, hard, modified release 4,771,985 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 25mg 25mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 25mg 25mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 25mg 25mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE BIOGARAN G Eplerenone - 25mg 25mg Tablet, coated 1,849,127 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 1,109,630 L.L
A10BK03 EMPAZA G Empagliflozin - 25mg 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,740,724 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 369,877 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXIB G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 1,217,521 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
A10BK03 EMPAZA G Empagliflozin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 1,740,724 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE ARROW G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,744,308 L.L
C03DA04 EPLERENONE BIOGARAN G Eplerenone - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 1,849,127 L.L
A02BC01 ESELAN G Omeprazole (sodium) - 40mg 40mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution 2,073,549 L.L
D10AD51 ERYLIK G Tretinoin - 0.025%, Erythromycin - 4% Gel 378,964 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 1,293,928 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 431,309 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXIB G Etoricoxib - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 1,390,877 L.L
J01MA14 EVAFLOX G Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 400mg 400mg Tablet, film coated 669,234 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 120mg 120mg Tablet, film coated 398,033 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXIB G Etoricoxib - 120mg 120mg Tablet, film coated 425,998 L.L
D10AF02 ERYTHROMYCIN 1.5 % G Erythromycin - 15mg/ml 1.5 % Solution 501,701 L.L
L01BA01 EBETREXAT G Methotrexate - 50mg/5ml 50mg/5ml Injectable solution 1,507,821 L.L
A08AB01 ELIZA 120 G Orlistat - 120mg 120mg Capsule 1,711,159 L.L
A11CC05 EURO D 10000 IU G Vitamin D3 - 10,000IU 10,000IU Capsule 993,100 L.L
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