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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
A10BJ06 OZEMPIC B Semaglutide - 1mg 1mg Injectable solution 10,927,526 L.L
B02AA02 EXACYL B Tranexamic acid - 500mg/5ml 500mg/5ml Injectable solution 748,520 L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 159,736 L.L
J06BA02 CLAIRYG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 50mg/ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 42,296,819 L.L
A10BJ06 SEMATIDE G Semaglutide - 1mg 1mg Injectable solution 9,288,397 L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 179,272 L.L
J06BA02 GAMUNEX-C BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 10% 10% Injectable solution 39,990,287 L.L
M05BA08 ACLASTA B Zoledronic acid (monohydrate) - 5mg/100ml 5mg/100ml Injectable solution 21,075,062 L.L
L01FX24 TECVAYLI BioTech Teclistamab - 10mg/ml 10mg/ml Injectable solution L.L
A10BJ06 SEMATIDE G Semaglutide - 0.25mg & 0.5mg Injectable solution 9,288,397 L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 191,913 L.L
J06BA02 IG VENA BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 28,622,366 L.L
L02AE04 GONAPEPTYL B Triptorelin acetate - 0.1mg 0.1mg Injectable solution 4,637,600 L.L
M05BA08 SIMPLA G Zoledronic acid - 5mg/100ml 5mg/100ml Injectable solution 13,071,402 L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 191,913 L.L
J06BA02 IMMUNOREL BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin - 5g/100ml 5% Injectable solution 29,700,912 L.L
N03AB02 PHENTOLEP INJECTION G Phenytoin (sodium) - 250mg/5ml 250mg/5ml Injectable solution 1,447,318 L.L
L03AA02 NEUTROMAX BioTech Filgrastim - 300mcg/ml 300mcg/ml Injectable solution L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 208,002 L.L
J06BA02 IMMUNOREL BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin - 2.5g/50ml 5% Injectable solution 14,850,456 L.L
N03AB02 ? PHENYTOIN SODIUM 5% USP G Phenytoin (sodium) - 250mg/5ml 5ml Injectable solution 276,448 L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 224,090 L.L
C03CA01 FRURETIC G Furosemide - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 2,600,655 L.L
J06BA02 KIOVIG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 5g/50ml 5g/50ml Injectable solution 35,639,835 L.L
B05CX01 5% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Glucose - 5% 5% Injectable solution 148,244 L.L
C03CA01 FUROLIX G Furosemide - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 1,612,611 L.L
J06BA02 OCTAGAM BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 50mg/ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 37,672,334 L.L
M05BX04 PROLIA BioTech Denosumab - 60mg/ml 60mg/ml Injectable solution 21,603,638 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 174,062 L.L
C03CA01 FUROSEMIDE RENAUDIN G Furosemide (sodium) - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 451,531 L.L
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