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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
J01AA02 DOXY 100 G Doxycycline (hyclate) - 100mg 100mg Tablet, coated 788,836 L.L
D04AA32 DERMAMINE ITCH STOPPING G Diphenhydramine HCl - 1%, Zinc acetete - 0.1% Cream 560,382 L.L
J01AA02 DOXYLAG G Doxycycline (HCl) - 100mg 100mg Capsule 174,700 L.L
M01AB05 DICLOGESIC 12.5 CHILDREN G Diclofenac sodium - 12.5mg 12.5mg Suppository 83,318 L.L
N01AX10 DORMIFOR G Propofol - 1% 1% Injectable emulsion 1,081,473 L.L
A10BA02 DIANORM XR 500 G Metformin HCl - 500mg 500mg Tablet, film coated, extended release 349,399 L.L
A10BA02 DIANORM XR 500 G Metformin HCl - 500mg 500mg Tablet, film coated, extended release 349,399 L.L
G03DA04 DARSTIN G Progesterone - 10mg/g 10mg/g Gel 380,307 L.L
M01AB05 DILO G Diclofenac potassium - 50mg 50mg Tablet 223,974 L.L
G03DB08 DIENOSIS G Dienogest - 2mg 2mg Tablet 2,822,069 L.L
N05CM18 DEXMEDETOMIDINE EVER PHARMA G Dexmedetomidine HCl - 200mcg/2ml 200mcg/2ml Injectable concentrate for solution 9,340,433 L.L
R01AA07 DECOZAL G Xylometazoline HCl - 0.1% 0.1% Metered dose spray 147,823 L.L
A10BB12 DIAMERIL G Glimepiride - 1mg 1mg Tablet 130,545 L.L
N05CM18 DEXMEDETOMIDINE EVER PHARMA G Dexmedetomidine HCl - 400mcg/4ml 400mcg/4ml Injectable concentrate for solution 15,543,897 L.L
R01AA07 DECOZAL G Xylometazoline HCl - 0.1% 0.1% Drops 145,135 L.L
N06AA01 DESIPRAMINE G Desipramine (HCl) - 50mg 50mg Tablet, scored 656,563 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN FLEX G Diclofenac sodium - 50mg, Pridinol mesylate - 4mg Tablet, film coated 575,165 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN FLEX G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Pridinol mesylate - 2.2mg Injectable solution 1,131,515 L.L
R01AA07 DECOZAL G Xylometazoline HCl - 0.05% 0.05% Metered dose spray 155,886 L.L
D06AX DERMOTRACIN G Neomycin sulfate - 165.000IU/150ml, Bacitracin - 15.500IU/150ml Powder 737,770 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN PLUS G Diclofenac potassium - 50mg, Betamethasone - 0.3mg Tablet, coated 503,941 L.L
R01AA07 DECOZAL G Xylometazoline HCl - 0.05% 0.05% Metered dose spray 108,851 L.L
A10BB12 DIAMERIL G Glimepiride - 2mg 2mg Tablet 199,657 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN B12 G Diclofenac potassium - 50mg, Betamethasone - 0.3mg, Cyanocobalamin - 5mg Tablet 503,941 L.L
N06AA12 DOXEPIN HCl G Doxepin (HCl) - 10mg 10mg Capsule 712,876 L.L
L01EA02 DALEUBIN G Dasatinib - 70mg 70mg Tablet, film coated 98,514,698 L.L
M01AB55 DIOXAFLEX B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Betamethasone (sodium phosphate) - 2mg, Hydroxocobalamin sulphate - 10mg Injectable solution 1,104,639 L.L
N06AA12 DOXEPIN HCl G Doxepin (HCl) - 50mg 50mg Capsule 965,007 L.L
L01EA02 DASATINIB NEAPOLIS G Dasatinib - 70mg 70mg Tablet, film coated 127,364,905 L.L
M01AB55 DIOXAFLEX B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Betamethasone (sodium phosphate) - 2mg, Hydroxocobalamin sulphate - 10mg Injectable solution 620,855 L.L
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