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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
S01CA01 FRAKIDEX B Dexamethasone disodium phosphate - 0.1g/100g, Framycetin sulfate - 0.5g/100g Ointment 141,103 L.L
M03BA53 FLEXPRO EXTRA G Paracetamol - 500mg, Methocarbamol - 400mg Tablet, film coated 337,304 L.L
B03AD03 FOLIFER G Folic acid - 1mg, Iron bivalent (as dried ferrous sulfate) - 90mg Tablet, film coated 1,408,347 L.L
M05BB03 FOSAVANCE B Alendronic acid (sodium alendronate) - 70mg, Colecalciferol - 5600IU Tablet 1,988,887 L.L
R05X FERVEX CHILDREN SUGAR FREE B Paracetamol - 280mg, Ascorbic acid - 100mg, Pheniramine maleate - 10mg Granules for solution 425,998 L.L
R05X FERVEX ADULTS SUGAR FREE B Paracetamol - 500mg, Ascorbic acid - 200mg, Pheniramine maleate - 25mg Granules for solution 425,998 L.L
R05X FERVEX ADULTS RASPBERRY B Paracetamol - 500mg, Ascorbic acid - 200mg, Pheniramine maleate - 25mg Granules for solution 425,998 L.L
R05X FERVEX ADULTS B Paracetamol - 500mg, Ascorbic acid - 200mg, Pheniramine maleate - 25mg Granules for solution 425,998 L.L
R06AD52 FLUISEDAL G Promethazine HCl - 2.5g/5ml, Meglumine benzoate - 130mg/5ml, Polysorbate 20 - 15mg/5ml Syrup 393,746 L.L
R06AD52 FLUISEDAL G Promethazine HCl - 2.5g/5ml, Meglumine benzoate - 130mg/5ml, Polysorbate 20 - 15mg/5ml Syrup 550,821 L.L
A03CA02 FLUDINIUM G Clidinium bromide - 2.5mg, Trifluoperazine HCl - 1mg Capsule 386,515 L.L
R06AX FRENALER CORT G Desloratadine - 1mg/ml, Betamethasone - 0.05mg/ml Syrup 741,801 L.L
R06AX FRENALER CORT G Desloratadine - 5mg, Betamethasone - 0.6mg Tablet, film coated 632,950 L.L
G04B FONCITRIL 4000 B Citric acid - 1.189g, Potassium Citrate - 1.73g, Sodium citrate - 1.845g Granules 1,613,955 L.L
R03AK06 FLUDALT DUO G Salmeterol (xinafoate) - 50mcg, Fluticasone propionate - 100mcg Capsule, inhalation 1,709,989 L.L
R03AK06 FLUDALT DUO G Salmeterol (xinafoate) - 50mcg, Fluticasone propionate - 250mcg Capsule, inhalation 2,393,122 L.L
R03AK06 FLUDALT DUO G Salmeterol (xinafoate) - 50mcg, Fluticasone propionate - 500mcg Capsule, inhalation 3,048,930 L.L
M01AE51 FLUMIX BENTA G Ibuprofen - 200mg, Guaifenesin - 200mg, Chlorpheniramine maleate - 2mg, Phenylephrine HCl - 5mg Tablet, film coated 875,417 L.L
M01AE51 FLUMIX BENTA G Ibuprofen - 200mg, Guaifenesin - 200mg, Chlorpheniramine maleate - 2mg, Phenylephrine HCl - 5mg Tablet, film coated 460,746 L.L
R03AK07 FORACORT 200 G Formoterol fumarate dihydrate - 4.5mcg/inhalation, Budesonide - 200mcg/inhalation Metered dose inhaler 2,159,555 L.L
R03AK07 FORACORT 400 G Formoterol fumarate - 4.5mcg/inhalation, Budesonide - 400mcg/inhalation Metered dose inhaler 3,104,276 L.L
D07CC01 FUCICORT B Fusidic acid - 20mg/g, Betamethasone (valerate) - 1mg/g Cream 376,276 L.L
D07CC01 FUCICORT B Fusidic acid - 20mg/g, Betamethasone (valerate) - 1mg/g Cream 501,253 L.L
J01CR50 FLUMOX G Flucloxacillin (monohydrate) - 250mg, Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 250mg Capsule 348,055 L.L
A06AD65 FORTRANS POUDRE POUR SOLUTION BUVABLE B Potassium chloride - 0.750g, Sodium chloride - 1460g, Sodium bicarbonate - 1680g, Sodium sulfate anhydrous - 5700g, Macrogol 4000 - 64.000g Powder for solution 927,251 L.L
S01BC04 FLUROPTIC G Flurbiprofen sodium - 0.03% w/v 0.03% w/v Drops solution 223,078 L.L
N01AH01 FENTANYL PANPHARMA G Fentanyl - 0.1mg/2ml 0.1mg/2ml Injectable solution 1,101,951 L.L
D07AC04 FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE G Fluocinolone acetonide - 0.25mg/g 0.25mg/g Cream 296,925 L.L
S01AE07 FORTYMOX G Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 0.5% 0.5% Drops solution 772,709 L.L
L04AA27 FINGOLIMOD ZENTIVA G Fingolimod Hydrochloride - 0.5mg 0.5mg Capsule, hard 32,406,715 L.L
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