Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

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All

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE ACCORD	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, film coated	10,908,012 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE F	G	Potassium chloride - 3.914g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 3.558g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 7.719g/l, Acetic acid 100% - 6.010ml/l, Sodium chloride - 208.631g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
J01DD13	CEFPODOXIME ARROW LAB	G	Cefpodoxime (proxetil) - 100mg	100mg	Tablet, film coated	499,909 L.L
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE BIOGARAN	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, coated	12,123,049 L.L
R03BA01	CORTIS	G	Beclometasone dipropionate - 250mcg/actuation	250mcg/actuation	Inhalation solution	674,609 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE SG	G	Potassium chloride - 3.92g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 166.7g/l, Sodium chloride - 214.76g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
J01DD13	CEFODOX	G	Cefpodoxime (proxetil) - 200mg	200mg	Tablet	851,996 L.L
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE NEAPOLIS	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, film coated	11,222,829 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS L	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:106.5 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:135 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
J01DD13	CEFODOX	G	Cefpodoxime (proxetil) - 100mg/5ml	100mg/5ml	Powder for suspension	735,082 L.L
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE PHARMINICIO	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, film coated	8,869,508 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LM	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE SHILPA	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, film coated	7,396,894 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111.5 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
J01DD13	CEFODOX	G	Cefpodoxime (proxetil) - 50mg/5ml	50mg/5ml	Powder for suspension	604,729 L.L
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE SPC	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, film coated	12,665,771 L.L
A03FA08	CINITREX	G	Cinitapride - 1mg	1mg	Tablet	636,981 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS2	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.5 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
C09DB07	CANDAM	G	Candesartan cilexetil - 8mg, Amlodipine - 5mg		Capsule, hard	923,220 L.L
L01BC06	CAPEDA	G	Capecitabine - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, film coated	4,927,423 L.L
M02AA15	CLOFEN	G	Diclofenac sodium (diethylamine) - 10mg/g	1%	Creamagel	210,983 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS3	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.60 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
C09DB07	CORONOPINE	G	Candesartan cilexetil - 8mg, Amlodipine - 5mg		Capsule, hard	1,368,032 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS R	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.40 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:105.8 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140.5 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
C09DB07	CANDAM	G	Candesartan cilexetil - 16mg, Amlodipine - 5mg		Capsule, hard	923,220 L.L
L01BC06	CAPECITABINE SPC	G	Capecitabine - 150mg	150mg	Tablet, film coated	4,094,240 L.L
N05AH02	CLOZAPINE PANPHARMA	G	Clozapine - 100mg	100mg	Tablet, scored	808,993 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTIONFOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE A	G	Hemodialytics, concentrates -		Injectable solution	L.L
C09DB07	CORONOPINE	G	Candesartan cilexetil - 16mg, Amlodipine - 5mg		Capsule, hard	1,638,144 L.L
R03BA02	CORTAIR	G	Budesonide - 1mg/2ml	0.5mg/ml	Inhalation suspension for nebuliser	1,209,458 L.L

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