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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 7.5% INJECTION USP G Glucose - 7.5% 7.5% Injectable solution 163,184 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 33g/100ml 33g/100ml Injectable solution 287,295 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN FLEX G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Pridinol mesylate - 2.2mg Injectable solution 1,131,515 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 33g/100ml 33g/100ml Injectable solution 312,577 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 50g/100ml 50g/100ml Injectable solution 329,815 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 20g/100ml 20g/100ml Injectable solution 807,874 L.L
M01AB55 DIOXAFLEX B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Betamethasone (sodium phosphate) - 2mg, Hydroxocobalamin sulphate - 10mg Injectable solution 1,104,639 L.L
R06AA02 DIPHENIST G Diphenhydramine HCl - 50mg/ml 50mg/ml Injectable solution 6,977,230 L.L
M01AB55 DIOXAFLEX B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Betamethasone (sodium phosphate) - 2mg, Hydroxocobalamin sulphate - 10mg Injectable solution 620,855 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN B12 G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg, Prednisolone sodium phosphate - 10.08mg, Hydroxocobalamin acetate - 10.44mg Injectable solution 978,317 L.L
N01BB52 DILOCAIN 2% G Lidocaine HCl - 20mg/1.7ml, Epinephrine (bitartrate) - 0.0125mg/1.7ml Injectable solution 2,768,316 L.L
B05DB DIANEAL PD4 1.36% GLUCOSE B Sodium lactate - 4.48g/l, Magnesium chloride - 0.051g/l, Calcium chloride - 0.184g/l, Sodium chloride - 5.38g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 13.6g/l 1.36% Injectable solution 1,163,270 L.L
B05DB DIANEAL PD4 CYCLER 1.36% GLUCOSE B Sodium lactate - 4.48g/l, Magnesium chloride - 0.051g/l, Calcium chloride - 0.184g/l, Sodium chloride - 5.38g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 13.6g/l Injectable solution 1,150,329 L.L
B05DB DIANEAL PD4 2.27% GLUCOSE B Sodium lactate - 4.48g/l, Magnesium chloride - 0.051g/l, Calcium chloride - 0.184g/l, Sodium chloride - 5.38g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 22.7g/l Injectable solution 1,163,270 L.L
B05DB DIANEAL PD4 CYCLER 2.27% GLUCOSE B Sodium lactate - 4.48g/l, Magnesium chloride - 0.051g/l, Calcium chloride - 0.184g/l, Sodium chloride - 5.38g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 22.7g/l Injectable solution 1,150,329 L.L
B05DB DIANEAL PD4 3.86% GLUCOSE B Sodium lactate - 4.48g/l, Magnesium chloride - 0.051g/l, Calcium chloride - 0.184g/l, Sodium chloride - 5.38g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 38.6g/l Injectable solution 1,111,506 L.L
B05DB DIANEAL PD4 CYCLER 3.86% GLUCOSE B Sodium lactate - 4.48g/l, Magnesium chloride - 0.051g/l, Calcium chloride - 0.184g/l, Sodium chloride - 5.38g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 38.6g/l Injectable solution 1,150,329 L.L
A11CC05 DIBASE G Vitamin D3 - 100,000IU/ml 100,000IU/ml Injectable solution 354,774 L.L
D11AH05 DUPIXENT BioTech Dupilumab - 300mg 300mg Injectable solution 123,001,362 L.L
D11AH05 DUPIXENT BioTech Dupilumab - 300mg 300mg Injectable solution 123,001,362 L.L
D11AH05 DUPIXENT BioTech Dupilumab - 200mg 200mg Injectable solution 123,001,362 L.L
D11AH05 DUPIXENT BioTech Dupilumab - 200mg 200mg Injectable solution 123,001,362 L.L
M01AE17 DEXIREN G Dexketoprofen - 50mg/2ml 50mg/2ml Injectable solution 467,657 L.L
H02AB02 DEXAMED G Dexamethasone - 8mg/2ml 8mg/2ml Injectable solution 3,547,744 L.L
H02AB02 DEXAMED G Dexamethasone - 8mg/2ml 8mg/2ml Injectable solution 486,471 L.L
H02AB02 DEXAMEDIS FORT G Dexamethasone Phosphate - 8mg/2ml 8mg/2ml Injectable solution 43,003 L.L
H02AB02 DEXAMETHASONE SODIUM PHOSPHATE USP - EIPICO G Dexamethasone (sodium phosphate) - 8mg/2ml 8mg/2ml Injectable solution 185,450 L.L
H02AB02 DEXASINA G Dexamethasone Phosphate - 8mg/2ml 8mg/2ml Injectable solution 3,471,145 L.L
L01FC01 DARZALEX BioTech Daratumumab - 1800mg 1800mg Injectable solution 514,508,612 L.L
H02AB02 DEXAMETHASON-PANPHARMA G Dexamethasone - 5mg/1ml 5mg/1ml Injectable solution 368,213 L.L
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