Rubella

Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent	Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period	14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility	- 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset - From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir	Humans
Modes of transmission	- Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets - Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine. - Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation	- Febril maculo-papular rash - Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis - Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions	- MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella - MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms	- Rash reporting form - CRS reporting form - Rash investigation form - CRS investigation form
Data	- Rubella 2021 - Rubella 2020 - Rubella 2019 - Rubella 2018 - Rubella 2017 - Rubella 2016 - Rubella 2015

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All

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
D07AB02	LOCOID	B	Hydrocortisone butyrate - 1mg/g	0.1%	Cream	215,015 L.L
M02AA15	CLOFEN	G	Diclofenac sodium (diethylamine) - 10mg/g	1%	Creamagel	210,983 L.L
S01EE04	TRAVONORM	G	Travoprost - 0.004%	0.004%	Drops	564,414 L.L
S01XA18	DRYFREE	G	Ciclosporin - 0.05%	0.05%	Drops	2,257,655 L.L
S02AA15	CETRAXAL OTICO	G	Ciprofloxacine (HCl) - 3mg/ml	3mg/ml	Drops	821,088 L.L
S02AA30	OTOCOL	G	Chloramphenicol - 50mg/ml, Benzocaine - 50mg/ml		Drops	163,949 L.L
S02CA02	VIOCORTENE	B	Clioquinol - 10mg/ml, Flumetasone pivalate - 0.2mg/ml		Drops	568,253 L.L
S02DA01	OTIPAX	B	Lidocaine HCl - 1g/100g, Phenazone - 4g/100g		Drops	236,516 L.L
S03AA07	API-CIPROCIN	G	Ciprofloxacine (HCl) - 3mg/ml	3mg/ml	Drops	530,818 L.L
R05DB13	SINECOD	B	Butamirate dihydrogenocitrate - 5mg/ml	5mg/ml	Drops	287,582 L.L
A11A	BEBE-VIT	G	Vitamin A - 1500IU/ml, Vitamin D3 - 400IU/ml, Vitamin E - 5mg/ml, Vitamin C - 40mg/ml, Vitamin B1 - 0.5mg/ml, Vitamin B2 - 0.6mg/ml, Vitamin B6 - 0.6mg/ml, Nicotinamide - 8mg/ml		Drops	287,582 L.L
B03AA07	PEDIAFER	G	Ferrous (sulfate) - 15mg/ml	15mg/ml	Drops	550,975 L.L
B03AB05	ENRICH N	G	Iron trivalent (hydroxide polymaltose complex) - 50mg/ml	50mg/ml	Drops	459,594 L.L
R01AA07	DECOZAL	G	Xylometazoline HCl - 0.1%	0.1%	Drops	145,135 L.L
R01AA07	OTRIVIN	B	Xylometazoline HCl - 0.1%	0.1%	Drops	241,892 L.L
R01AA07	OTRIVIN MENTHOL 0.1%	B	Xylometazoline HCl - 0.1%	0.1%	Drops	387,027 L.L
R01AA07	OTRIVIN	B	Xylometazoline HCl - 0.05%	0.05%	Drops	181,419 L.L
A11CC05	VIDROP	G	Vitamin D3 - 100IU/drop	100IU/drop	Drops	346,711 L.L
R06AE07	ZYRTEC	B	Cetirizine (dihydrochloride) - 1%	1%	Drops	170,668 L.L
A03AX13	OVOL	B	Simethicone - 40mg/ml	40mg/ml	Drops	233,829 L.L
A03CB01	RESTROPINAL PEDIATRIC	B	Butobarbital - 2mg/ml, Methyl hyoscine nitrate - 0.1mg/ml		Drops	197,097 L.L
S01AA12	TOBRACIN	G	Tobramycin - 0.3%	0.3%	Drops	322,522 L.L
S01AA12	TOBRIN	G	Tobramycin - 0.3%	0.3%	Drops	169,324 L.L
S01AA13	FUCITHALMIC VISCOUS	B	Fusidic acid - 10mg/g	1%	Drops	443,468 L.L
S01AA13	OPTIFUCIN VISCOUS	G	Fusidic acid - 1%	1%	Drops	208,296 L.L
S01AE02	NAFLOX	G	Norfloxacin - 3mg/ml	3mg/ml	Drops	370,901 L.L
S01AE07	AROX	G	Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 0.5%	0.5%	Drops	423,310 L.L
S01AE07	IMOX	G	Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 0.5%	0.5%	Drops	464,970 L.L
S01BC01	INDOCOLLYRE	B	Indometacine - 5mg/5ml	0.1%	Drops	408,528 L.L
S01ED51	EPISOPT	G	Timolol - 5mg, Dorzolamide HCl - 20mg		Drops	575,165 L.L

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