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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 ARCHIFAR G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 6,443,725 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01CA01 AMPICILLINE PANPHARMA G Ampicillin (sodium) - 500mg 500mg Injectable powder for solution 1,944,540 L.L
J01CA01 AMPICILLINE PANPHARMA G Ampicillin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 2,857,009 L.L
J01CA04 AMOXICILLINE INJ. G Amoxicillin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 1,173,175 L.L
J01CA04 AMOXICILLINE PANPHARMA G Amoxicillin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 2,734,719 L.L
J01CR02 AMOXICILLINA/ ACIDO CLAVULANICO G Amoxicillin (sodium) - 1g, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 200mg 1.2g Injectable powder for solution 16,577,136 L.L
J01CR02 AMOXICLAV-ORBUCELL G Amoxicillin - 1g, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 0.2g Injectable powder for solution 7,433,691 L.L
J01DC02 AXETINE G Cefuroxime sodium - 750mg 750mg Injectable powder for solution 1,193,332 L.L
J01DD04 AXONE 1G IM G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution+diluent 438,093 L.L
B02BD08 ARYOSEVEN RT BioTech Eptacog alfa - 1mg 1mg Injectable powder for solution+diluent 16,902,713 L.L
J01DD04 AXONE 500MG IM G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 500mg 500mg Injectable powder for solution+diluent 393,746 L.L
B02BD08 ARYOSEVEN RT BioTech Eptacog alfa - 1mg 1mg Injectable powder for solution+diluent L.L
L01BC07 AZACITIDINE EVER PHARMA G Azacitidine - 100mg/100ml 25mg/ml Injectable powder for suspension 10,967,854 L.L
N05AX12 ABILIFY MAINTENA B Aripiprazole - 400mg 400mg Injectable powder for suspension, prolonged release+solvent 29,491,998 L.L
L04AB01 ALTEBREL BioTech Etanercept - 50mg/1ml 50mg/1ml Injectable solution 14,833,767 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 174,062 L.L
B01AX05 ARIXTRA B Fondaparinux sodium - 2.5mg/0.5ml 2.5mg/0.5ml Injectable solution 5,341,774 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 174,062 L.L
B01AX05 ARIXTRA B Fondaparinux sodium - 7.5mg/0.6ml 7.5mg/0.6ml Injectable solution 12,004,668 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 170,630 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 182,720 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 205,933 L.L
L04AB01 ALTEBREL BioTech Etanercept - 25mg/0.5ml 25mg/0.5ml Injectable solution 27,383,989 L.L
J01MA14 AVALOX B Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 400mg/250ml 400mg/250ml Injectable solution 9,052,935 L.L
R03DA05 AMINOPHYLLINE RENAUDIN G Aminophylline - 250mg/10ml 2.5% Injectable solution 739,113 L.L
L04AB04 ABRILADA BioTech Adalimumab - 40mg 40mg Injectable solution 40,259,574 L.L
L04AB04 ABRILADA BioTech Adalimumab - 40mg 40mg Injectable solution 40,259,574 L.L
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