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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 170,630 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 182,720 L.L
B05CX01 ALDEX G Dextrose, H2O - 5g/100ml 5g/100ml Injectable solution 205,933 L.L
C05BB02 AETHOXYSKLEROL B Polidocanol (Lauromacrogol 400) - 0.5% 0.5% Injectable solution 1,441,943 L.L
C05BB02 AETHOXYSKLEROL B Polidocanol (Lauromacrogol 400) - 1% 1% Injectable solution 1,732,213 L.L
C05BB02 AETHOXYSKLEROL B Polidocanol (Lauromacrogol 400) - 3% 3% Injectable solution 2,576,146 L.L
A10AB01 ACTRAPID BioTech Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml 100IU/ml Injectable solution 752,552 L.L
A10AB01 ACTRAPID BioTech Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml 100IU/ml Injectable solution 752,552 L.L
J01MA14 AVALOX B Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 400mg/250ml 400mg/250ml Injectable solution 9,052,935 L.L
L04AB01 ALTEBREL BioTech Etanercept - 50mg/1ml 50mg/1ml Injectable solution 14,833,767 L.L
L04AB01 ALTEBREL BioTech Etanercept - 25mg/0.5ml 25mg/0.5ml Injectable solution 27,383,989 L.L
A10AB06 APIDRA SOLOSTAR BioTech Insulin glulisine - 100IU/ml 100IU/ml Injectable solution 3,942,834 L.L
A10AB06 APIDRA BioTech Insulin glulisine - 100IU/ml 100IU/ml Injectable solution 2,221,372 L.L
L04AB04 ABRILADA BioTech Adalimumab - 40mg 40mg Injectable solution 40,259,574 L.L
L04AB04 ABRILADA BioTech Adalimumab - 40mg 40mg Injectable solution 40,259,574 L.L
L04AB04 ADALIREL BioTech Adalimumab - 40mg 40mg Injectable solution 15,102,158 L.L
R03DA05 AMINOPHYLLINE RENAUDIN G Aminophylline - 250mg/10ml 2.5% Injectable solution 739,113 L.L
B03XA01 ALPEEN BioTech Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 10,000IU 10000IU Injectable solution 4,036,903 L.L
B03XA01 ALPEEN BioTech Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 10,000IU 10,000IU Injectable solution 10,661,285 L.L
L01BC01 ALEXAN G Cytarabine - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Injectable solution 388,370 L.L
L01BC01 ALEXAN G Cytarabine - 1,000mg/20ml 1,000mg/20ml Injectable solution 2,848,946 L.L
L04AC07 ACTEMRA BioTech Tocilizumab - 162mg/0.9ml 162mg/0.9ml Injectable solution 79,959,812 L.L
B03XA01 ALPEEN BioTech Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000IU 4000IU Injectable solution 8,728,144 L.L
B03XA01 ALPEEN BioTech Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000IU 4000IU Injectable solution 1,127,036 L.L
B03XA01 ALPEEN BioTech Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 4000IU 4000IU Injectable solution 4,748,244 L.L
B03XA01 ALPEEN BioTech Erythropoietin recombinant human (Epoetin alfa) - 40,000IU 40,000IU Injectable solution 11,210,836 L.L
B05AA01 ALBUTEIN BioHuman Human Albumin - 20% 20% Injectable solution 7,154,928 L.L
B05AA01 ALBUTEIN BioHuman Human Albumin - 20% Injectable solution 4,031,528 L.L
A03BA01 ATROPINE G Atropine sulfate - 1mg/ml 1mg/ml Injectable solution 702,149 L.L
A03BA01 ATROPINE SULFATE RENAUDIN G Atropine sulfate - 1mg/ml 0.1% Injectable solution 397,777 L.L
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