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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
L01XA03 ELOXATIN B Oxaliplatin - 50mg/10ml 50mg/10ml Injectable concentrated solution 4,930,558 L.L
J02AX06 ECALTA B Anidulafungin - 100mg 100mg Injectable concentrated powder for solution 16,977,343 L.L
C09DA09 EDARBYCLOR B Azilsartan medoxomil - 40mg, Chlortalidone - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,846,440 L.L
C09DA09 EDARBYCLOR B Azilsartan medoxomil - 40mg, Chlortalidone - 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,846,440 L.L
C09DB01 EXFORGE B Amlodipine - 5mg, Valsartan - 160mg Tablet, film coated 1,333,092 L.L
L01XJ01 ERIVEDGE B Vismodegib - 150mg 150mg Capsule 465,368,012 L.L
D01AE22 EXODERIL B Naftifine HCl - 10mg/g 1% Cream 345,368 L.L
D01AE22 EXODERIL B Naftifine HCl - 10ml/ml 1% Solution 159,917 L.L
C09DB01 EXFORGE B Amlodipine - 10mg, Valsartan - 160mg Tablet, film coated 1,333,092 L.L
G03AD02 ELLAONE B Ulipristal acetate - 30mg 30mg Tablet 2,276,469 L.L
H03AA01 EUTHYROX B Levothyroxine sodium - 25mcg 25mcg Tablet, scored 256,674 L.L
H03AA01 EUTHYROX B Levothyroxine sodium - 50mcg 50mcg Tablet, scored 391,058 L.L
H03AA01 ELTROXIN B Levothyroxine sodium - 100mcg 100mcg Tablet, scored 440,780 L.L
M09AX10 EVRYSDI B Risdiplam - 0.75mg/ml 0.75mg/ml Powder 865,644,067 L.L
G03CA03 ESTROFEM B Estradiol (hemihydrate) - 2mg 2mg Tablet, film coated 399,121 L.L
H03AA01 EUTHYROX B Levothyroxine sodium - 100mcg 100mcg Tablet, scored 452,875 L.L
H03AA01 EUTHYROX B Levothyroxine sodium - 150mcg 150mcg Tablet, scored 615,480 L.L
G03DA04 ENDOMETRIN B Progesterone - 100mg 100mg Tablet 2,776,379 L.L
C09DX01 EXFORGE HCT B Valsartan - 160mg, Amlodipine - 5mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,333,092 L.L
C09DX01 EXFORGE HCT B Valsartan - 160mg, Amlodipine - 10mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,417,754 L.L
J05AP55 EPCLUSA B Sofosbuvir - 400mg, Velpatasvir - 100mg Tablet, film coated 954,137,511 L.L
C09DX01 EXFORGE HCT B Valsartan - 160mg, Amlodipine - 10mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,417,754 L.L
C09DX01 EXFORGE HCT B Valsartan - 160mg, Amlodipine - 5mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,333,092 L.L
L02BB05 ERLEADA B Apalutamide - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 254,089,146 L.L
L02BB05 ERLEADA B Apalutamide - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 254,089,146 L.L
N01BB54 EMLA B Prilocaine - 25mg/g, Lidocaine - 25mg/g 5% Cream 1,763,121 L.L
C09DX04 ENTRESTO B Valsartan - 26mg, Sacubitril - 24mg Tablet, film coated 6,029,821 L.L
C09DX04 ENTRESTO B Valsartan - 51mg, Sacubitril - 49mg Tablet, film coated 6,029,821 L.L
C09DX04 ENTRESTO B Valsartan - 103mg, Sacubitril - 97mg Tablet, film coated 11,674,240 L.L
R06AX22 EBASTEL B Ebastine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 722,987 L.L
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