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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
N01AH01 FENTANYL PANPHARMA G Fentanyl - 0.5mg/10ml 0.5mg/10ml Injectable solution 1,243,054 L.L
N03AX12 GABAPENTINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Gabapentin - 400mg 400mg Capsule 1,342,499 L.L
N05BA08 BROMAZEPAM BIOGARAN G Bromazepam - 6mg 6mg Tablet, scored 180,075 L.L
V03AE07 PHOSPHOLOW G Calcium acetate - 660mg 660mg Tablet 1,118,077 L.L
A03FA03 PROKININ G Domperidone - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 221,734 L.L
A10BB12 JOSWE GLEMAX 3 G Glimepiride - 3mg 3mg Caplet 506,629 L.L
B05BB02 5% DEXTROSE 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION G Dextrose,H2O - 5g/100ml, Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml Injectable solution 226,388 L.L
C08CA01 AMLORINE 10 G Amlodipine (besylate) - 10mg 10mg Tablet 959,504 L.L
C09DX LOSANET AM PLUS G Losartan potassium - 100mg, Amlodipine - 5mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet 1,044,358 L.L
D05AA ICHTAMMOL OINTMENT G Tars - 10% 10% Ointment 90,869 L.L
J01AA02 RETADOX G Doxycycline (hyclate) - 100mg 100mg Capsule 209,895 L.L
J01DH51 CELLABAXIN G Imipenem (monohydrate) - 500mg, Cilastatin (sodium) - 500mg Injectable solution 10,699,559 L.L
J05AF10 ENTECAVIR ARROW G Entecavir - 0.5mg 0.5mg Tablet, coated 18,701,506 L.L
M01AB05 DOLONIL G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg/3ml 75mg/3ml Injectable solution 337,880 L.L
N01AH03 SUFENTANIL RENAUDIN G Sufentanil (citrate) - 250mcg/5ml 250mcg/5ml Injectable solution 3,524,899 L.L
N03AX12 GABATREX G Gabapentin - 400mg 400mg Capsule 1,846,440 L.L
A10BB12 ORBIDE G Glimepiride - 3mg 3mg Tablet 351,959 L.L
B05BB02 5% DEXTROSE 0.9% SODIUM CHLORIDE INJECTION G Dextrose,H2O - 5g/100ml, Sodium chloride - 0.9g/100ml Injectable solution 153,990 L.L
C08CA01 TORANS G Amlodipine (besylate) - 10mg 10mg Tablet 716,716 L.L
D05AA ICHTAMMOL OINTMENT G Tars - 10% 10% Ointment 174,060 L.L
J01AA02 TOLEXINE G Doxycycline (monohydrate) - 100mg 100mg Tablet, microgranules 589,947 L.L
J01DH51 CILANEM G Imipenem anhydrous - 500mg, Cilastatin (sodium) - 500mg Injectable solution 850,652 L.L
J05AF10 ENTECAVIR BIOGARAN G Entecavir - 0.5mg 0.5mg Tablet, coated 19,080,319 L.L
L01DB07 MITOXANTRON EBEWE G Mitoxantrone - 20mg/10ml 20mg/10ml Injectable concentrated solution 11,064,120 L.L
M01AB05 DOLONIL G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg/3ml 75mg/3ml Injectable solution 3,801,155 L.L
N01AH03 SUFENTANIL RENAUDIN G Sufentanil (citrate) - 5mcg/ml 10mcg/2ml Injectable solution 755,239 L.L
N03AX12 NEUROPLEX G Gabapentin - 400mg 400mg Capsule 1,290,089 L.L
N05BA12 ALPRAZOLAM BIOGARAN G Alprazolam - 0.5mg 0.5mg Tablet, scored 169,324 L.L
V03AF03 BENDAFOLIN G Calcium folinate - 200mg/20ml 200mg/20ml Injectable solution 3,584,028 L.L
A03FA03 DOMIDONE CHAPHA SUGAR FREE G Domperidone - 5mg/5ml 5mg/5ml Suspension 319,963 L.L
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