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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
C09DA04 CO APROVEL B Irbesartan - 300mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 658,483 L.L
C10BA05 ATOZET B Atorvastatin - 20mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 2,046,672 L.L
G01AF01 FLAGYL B Metronidazole - 500mg 500mg Ovule 249,955 L.L
H01CB05 SIGNIFOR B Pasireotide (diaspartate) - 0.9mg/ml 0.9mg/ml Injectable solution 183,846,008 L.L
N02BE51 PANADOL EXTRA WITH OPTIZORB B Paracetamol - 500mg, Caffeine - 65mg Tablet, film coated 524,099 L.L
A11JC CYSTINE B6 BAILLEUL B Pyridoxine HCl - 50mg, L-Cystine - 500mg Tablet, coated 862,747 L.L
C10BA05 ATOZET B Atorvastatin - 20mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 2,046,672 L.L
H01CC01 ORGALUTRAN B Ganirelix - 0.25mg/0.5ml 0.25mg/0.5ml Injectable solution 2,383,977 L.L
J02AC01 DIFLUCAN B Fluconazole - 50mg 50mg Capsule 622,199 L.L
N02BE51 PANADOL EXTRA WITH OPTIZORB B Paracetamol - 500mg, Caffeine - 65mg Tablet, film coated 252,642 L.L
G01AF02 CANESTEN B Clotrimazole - 0.1g 0.1g Tablet 408,528 L.L
H01CC01 ORGALUTRAN B Ganirelix - 0.25mg/0.5ml 0.25mg/0.5ml Injectable solution 2,383,977 L.L
S01ED51 XALACOM B Timolol (maleate) - 6.8mg/ml, Latanoprost - 50?g/ml Drops solution 510,660 L.L
A03AB02 GLYCOPYRROLATE B Glycopyronium Bromide - 0.2mg/ml 0.2mg/ml Injectable solution 7,238,185 L.L
H01CC02 CETROTIDE B Cetrorelix (acetate) - 0.25mg 0.25mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution+diluent 3,420,079 L.L
J01DD07 CEFIZOX B Ceftizoxime (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 788,836 L.L
L04AD01 SANDIMMUN B Ciclosporin - 50mg/ml 250mg/5ml Injectable concentrated solution 6,992,013 L.L
S01ED51 COMBIGAN 2mg/ml 5mg/ml B Timolol - 5mg/ml, Brimonidine tartrate - 2mg/ml Drops solution 1,181,238 L.L
A03AB06 SPASMOMEN B Otilonium bromide - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 438,093 L.L
C10BA05 ATOZET B Atorvastatin - 40mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 2,046,672 L.L
H01CC02 CETROTIDE B Cetrorelix (acetate) - 0.25mg 0.25mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution+diluent 21,354,452 L.L
J01DD08 SUPRAX 100 B Cefixime (trihydrate) - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Powder for suspension 581,884 L.L
L04AD01 SANDIMMUN NEORAL SOFT GELATIN B Ciclosporin - 50mg 50mg Capsule, soft gelatin 4,309,703 L.L
S01ED51 COMBIGAN 2mg/ml 5mg/ml B Timolol - 5mg/ml, Brimonidine tartrate - 2mg/ml Drops solution 1,181,238 L.L
C10BA05 ATOZET B Atorvastatin - 40mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 2,046,672 L.L
H01CC02 CETROTIDE B Cetrorelix (acetate) - 0.25mg 0.25mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution+diluent 21,354,452 L.L
J01DD08 SUPRAX 100 B Cefixime (trihydrate) - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Powder for suspension 581,884 L.L
L04AD01 SANDIMMUN NEORAL SOFT GELATIN B Ciclosporin - 25mg 25mg Capsule, soft gelatin 2,385,320 L.L
N02BE51 123 COMPLETE B Acetaminophen (day tablet, night tablet) - 500mg, Dextromethorphan HBr (day tablet, night tablet) - 5mg, Phenylephrine HCl (day tablet, night tablet) - 5mg, Carbinoxamine maleate (night tablet) - 3mg Tablet 537,537 L.L
R03DC03 SINGULAIR B Montelukast (sodium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 1,248,430 L.L
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