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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
J02AC03 V-FEND B Voriconazole - 200mg 200mg Injectable powder for solution 8,078,564 L.L
L01CA04 NAVELBINE B Vinorelbine (ditartrate) - 20mg 20mg Capsule, soft gelatin 4,048,997 L.L
M04AA01 ZYLORIC B Allopurinol - 300mg 300mg Tablet 302,365 L.L
A03CA02 LIBRAX DRAGEES B Clidinium bromide - 2.5mg, Chlordiazepoxide - 5mg Tablet, sugar coated 435,405 L.L
B01AA07 SINTROM B Acenocoumarol - 4mg 4mg Tablet 490,183 L.L
H02AB04 DEPO MEDROL B Methylprednisolone acetate - 40mg/ml 40mg/ml Injectable suspension 182,763 L.L
L01CA04 NAVELBINE B Vinorelbine (ditartrate) - 30mg 30mg Capsule, soft gelatin 6,072,824 L.L
N07AA02 MESTINON B Pyridostigmine bromide - 60mg 60mg Tablet, sugar coated 3,090,838 L.L
C07BB07 CONCOR PLUS B Bisoprolol fumarate - 5mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 854,276 L.L
D01AE15 LAMISIL B Terbinafine HCl - 10mg/ml 1% Solution 506,629 L.L
H02AB04 DEPO MEDROL B Methylprednisolone acetate - 80mg/2ml 80mg/2ml Injectable suspension 365,525 L.L
J02AC04 NOXAFIL B Posaconazole - 100mg 100mg Tablet, gastroresistant 62,027,714 L.L
N05AX08 RISPERDAL B Risperidone - 2mg 2mg Tablet, film coated 306,396 L.L
S01GX09 PATANOL B Olopatadine (HCl) - 0.1% 0.1% Drops solution 873,498 L.L
A10BB09 DIAMICRON MR B Gliclazide - 60mg 60mg Tablet, modified release 382,995 L.L
J02AC05 CRESEMBA B Isavuconazonium sulfate - 100mg 100mg Capsule, hard 69,290,804 L.L
N03AA02 GARDENAL B Phenobarbital - 100mg 100mg Tablet 120,946 L.L
N05AX08 RISPERDAL B Risperidone - 2mg 2mg Tablet, film coated 306,396 L.L
D01AE16 LOCERYL B Amorolfine - 125mg/2.5ml 5% Nail lacquer 1,076,418 L.L
J02AC05 CRESEMBA B Isavuconazonium sulfate - 200mg 200mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution 38,436,952 L.L
N03AB02 EPANUTIN B Phenytoin sodium - 100mg 100mg Capsule 739,113 L.L
A10BB12 AMARYL B Glimepiride - 1mg 1mg Tablet 231,141 L.L
C09DB01 EXFORGE B Amlodipine - 10mg, Valsartan - 160mg Tablet, film coated 1,333,092 L.L
J02AX04 CANCIDAS B Caspofungin (acetate) - 70mg 70mg Injectable concentrated powder for solution 31,611,335 L.L
M04AA03 ADENURIC B Febuxostat - 120mg 120mg Tablet, film coated 2,184,704 L.L
A03CB01 RESTROPINAL PEDIATRIC B Butobarbital - 2mg/ml, Methyl hyoscine nitrate - 0.1mg/ml Drops 197,097 L.L
C07BB07 CONCOR PLUS B Bisoprolol fumarate - 10mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,202,314 L.L
D01AE22 EXODERIL B Naftifine HCl - 10mg/g 1% Cream 345,368 L.L
J01DD15 OMNICEF B Cefdinir - 125mg/5ml 125mg/5ml Powder for suspension 1,189,301 L.L
L04AX04 REVLIMID B Lenalidomide - 10mg 10mg Capsule 110,200,672 L.L
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