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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name ↓ B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
S01EE06 VYZULTA B Latanoprostene bunod - 0.024% 0.024% Solution 1,948,572 L.L
N07XX08 VYNDAMAX B Tafamidis - 61mg 61mg Capsule 784,020,041 L.L
J01AA08 VULGA XR G Minocycline - 55mg 55mg Tablet, film coated 1,983,512 L.L
J01AA08 VULGA XR G Minocycline - 80mg 80mg Tablet, film coated 2,832,820 L.L
J01AA08 VULGA XR G Minocycline - 105mg 105mg Tablet, film coated 3,682,128 L.L
J01XA01 VOXIN G Vancomycin (HCl) - 500mg 500mg Injectable powder for solution 546,944 L.L
C09DA08 VOTUM PLUS B Olmesartan medoxomil - 20mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 900,374 L.L
C09DA08 VOTUM PLUS B Olmesartan medoxomil - 20mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 900,374 L.L
C09DA08 VOTUM PLUS B Olmesartan medoxomil - 40mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 933,971 L.L
C09DA08 VOTUM PLUS B Olmesartan medoxomil - 40mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 933,971 L.L
C09CA08 VOTUM B Olmesartan medoxomil - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 1,032,071 L.L
C09CA08 VOTUM B Olmesartan medoxomil - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 1,032,071 L.L
C09CA08 VOTUM B Olmesartan medoxomil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 954,128 L.L
C09CA08 VOTUM B Olmesartan medoxomil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 954,128 L.L
C09CA08 VOTUM B Olmesartan medoxomil - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 753,896 L.L
C09CA08 VOTUM B Olmesartan medoxomil - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 753,896 L.L
L01EX03 VOTRIENT B Pazopanib HCl - 200mg 200mg Tablet, film coated 40,992,120 L.L
L01EX03 VOTRIENT B Pazopanib HCl - 400mg 400mg Tablet, film coated 75,028,883 L.L
M01AB05 VOTREX G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg/3ml 75mg/3ml Injectable solution 345,368 L.L
J05AP56 VOSEVI B Sofosbuvir - 400mg, Velpatasvir - 100mg, Voxilaprevir - 100mg Tablet, film coated 857,670,718 L.L
J02AC03 VORICONAZOLE STRAGEN G Voriconazole - 200mg 200mg Injectable powder for solution 5,841,683 L.L
J02AC03 VORICONAZOLE STRAGEN G Voriconazole - 200mg 200mg Tablet, coated 40,202,793 L.L
J02AC03 VORICONAZOLE STRAGEN G Voriconazole - 50mg 50mg Tablet, coated 15,808,184 L.L
G04BE03 VONTA G Sildenafil citrate - 50mg 50mg Tablet, film coated 90,037 L.L
G04BE03 VONTA G Sildenafil citrate - 50mg 50mg Tablet, film coated 335,961 L.L
A04AA05 VONAXI G Palonosetron HCl - 250mcg/5ml 250mcg/5ml Injectable solution 1,490,321 L.L
A04AA01 VOMITRON G Ondansetron - 16mg 16mg Suppository 304,604 L.L
A04AA01 VOMITRON G Ondansetron - 16mg 16mg Suppository 578,492 L.L
A04AA01 VOMITRON G Ondansetron (HCl) - 4mg/5ml 4mg/5ml Solution 304,604 L.L
A04AA01 VOMITRON G Ondansetron (HCl) - 4mg/5ml 4mg/5ml Solution 858,779 L.L
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