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Meningococcal Infection
| Generalities | |
|---|---|
| Agent | Bacteria: Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus), Gram negative diplococci - 12 serogroups have been identified - Six serogrouprs are responsible of invasive infection: A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. |
| Incubation period | 2-10 days, commonly 3-4 days |
| Period of transmissibility | Cases should be considered infectious from exposure until 24 hours after starting treatment of prophylaxis with appropriate antibiotics with substantial concentrations in oro/nasopharyngeal secretions |
| Reservoir | - Humans - Asymptomatic carriage in nasopharynx is common. |
| Modes of transmission | - Person-to-person transmission by direct contact with respiratory droplets of infected people - Most cases acquired through exposure to asymptomatic carriers |
| Clinical presentation | - Bacterial meningitis - Septicaemia: rare ans severe with purpura - Complications: cerebral lesions, hearing loss, learning disorders among 10-20% of survivors - Case fatality: 8-15% despite treatment |
| Resources | |
| Case definition | - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007) - MOPH circular no. 72 (2003): contacts |
| Forms | - Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form |
| Data | - Weekly report |
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