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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
R03DA05 AMINOPHYLLINE G Aminophylline - 100mg 100mg Tablet, scored 445,388 L.L
S01EC01 ACETAZOLAMIDE G Acetazolamide - 250mg 250mg Tablet 1,001,163 L.L
R03DA05 AMINOPHYLLINE ADULTS G Aminophylline - 350mg 350mg Suppository 244,451 L.L
N05AH03 APO-OLANZAPINE ODT G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, orally disintegrating 3,628,375 L.L
R03DA05 AMINOPHYLLINE CHILDREN G Aminophylline - 100mg 100mg Suppository 203,496 L.L
G04CA02 APO-TAMSULOSIN CR G Tamsulosin HCl - 0.4mg 0.4mg Tablet 607,417 L.L
R03DA11 ANSIMAR G Doxofylline - 20mg/ml 20mg/ml Syrup 550,975 L.L
A02BC01 ARAPRIDE G Omeprazole - 20mg 20mg Capsule, hard, gastro-resistant 427,342 L.L
R03DA11 ANSIMAR G Doxofylline - 400mg 400mg Tablet 544,256 L.L
A02BC01 AXIPRON G Omeprazole - 20mg 20mg Capsule 373,358 L.L
C09CA06 ANDESART 8 G Candesartan cilexetil - 8mg 8mg Tablet 498,566 L.L
C09CA06 ARKANDA 8 G Candesartan cilexetil - 8mg 8mg Tablet 639,925 L.L
N02BE51 ADOL EXTRA G Paracetamol - 500mg, Caffeine - 65mg Caplet 122,290 L.L
N06DA02 ALZEPIL G Donepezil HCl - 5mg 5mg Tablet 1,406,555 L.L
N06DA02 ARIPEZIL 5 G Donepezil HCl - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,970,969 L.L
C10AA07 APO-ROSUVASTATIN G Rosuvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet 670,577 L.L
C09CA06 ANDESART 16 G Candesartan cilexetil - 16mg 16mg Tablet 665,202 L.L
N02BE51 ALGIN ADULTS G Paracetamol - 400mg, Caffeine - 50mg Suppository 195,817 L.L
C09CA06 ARKANDA 16 G Candesartan cilexetil - 16mg 16mg Tablet 700,078 L.L
N06DA02 ALZEPIL G Donepezil HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet 1,908,256 L.L
N06DA02 ARIPEZIL 10 G Donepezil HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 2,292,595 L.L
D10BA01 A-CNOTREN G Isotretinoin - 20mg 20mg Capsule, soft gelatin 1,468,376 L.L
R03DC03 AIRFAST G Montelukast (sodium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 802,274 L.L
C09CA07 ARBIVASTEL G Telmisartan - 80mg 80mg Tablet 667,890 L.L
S01EE01 API-LOPROST G Latanoprost - 0.005% 0.005% Drops 447,500 L.L
J01DD04 AXONE G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 4,053,029 L.L
J01DD04 AXONE 1G IM G Ceftriaxone (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution+diluent 438,093 L.L
C10AA07 APO-ROSUVASTATIN G Rosuvastatin (calcium) - 40mg 40mg Tablet 670,577 L.L
N02BE51 A.B.C.-COLD G Paracetamol - 500mg, Chlorphenamine maleate - 4mg, Phenylephrine HCl - 5mg Tablet, film coated 534,977 L.L
L01BC01 ALEXAN G Cytarabine - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Injectable solution 388,370 L.L
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