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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
R03DA05 AMINOPHYLLINE CHILDREN G Aminophylline - 100mg 100mg Suppository 203,496 L.L
L01BA04 ALIMTA B Pemetrexed (disodium) - 100mg 100mg Injectable concentrated powder for solution 16,854,009 L.L
M04AA01 ALLOPURINOL BIOGARAN G Allopurinol - 100mg 100mg Tablet 107,507 L.L
L01FG01 AVASTIN BioTech Bevacizumab - 100mg 100mg Injectable concentrated solution 24,533,456 L.L
M04AA01 APO-ALLOPURINOL G Allopurinol - 100mg 100mg Tablet 331,929 L.L
C07AB03 ATONIUM G Atenolol - 100mg 100mg Tablet 461,207 L.L
L01BC07 AZACITIDINE NEAPOLIS G Azacitidine - 100mg 100mg Injectable lyophilised powder 9,401,575 L.L
L01BC07 AZACITIDINE SPC G Azacitidine - 100mg 100mg Injectable powder 10,706,993 L.L
L01EA01 APO-IMATINIB G Imatinib - 100mg 100mg Tablet 38,330,537 L.L
M01AB16 AIRTAL 100MG 20 B Aceclofenac - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 471,689 L.L
M01AB16 ACECLOFAR G Aceclofenac - 100mg 100mg Tablet 131,697 L.L
M01AB16 ARACENAC G Aceclofenac - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 330,585 L.L
L01EB02 APO-ERLOTINIB G Erlotinib (HCl) - 100mg 100mg Tablet 79,672,726 L.L
B01AC06 ASPIRIN PROTECT B Acetylsalicylic acid - 100mg 100mg Tablet, enteric coated 146,479 L.L
B01AC06 ASPICOT G Acetylsalicylic acid - 100mg 100mg Tablet, enteric coated 403,153 L.L
B01AC06 ASPICOT G Acetylsalicylic acid - 100mg 100mg Tablet, enteric coated 134,384 L.L
B01AC06 ASPIPHAR G Acetylsalicylic acid - 100mg 100mg Tablet, enteric coated 134,384 L.L
L01FG01 AVASTIN BioTech Bevacizumab - 100mg/4ml 100mg/4ml Injectable concentrated solution 24,533,456 L.L
L01BC01 ALEXAN G Cytarabine - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Injectable solution 388,370 L.L
A16AB05 ALDURAZYME B Laronidase - 100U/ml 100U/ml Injectable concentrate for solution 57,138,680 L.L
C10AA07 APO-ROSUVASTATIN G Rosuvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet 670,577 L.L
G04CA01 ALFOCIN G Alfuzosin HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet, extended release 858,779 L.L
G04CA01 ALFUZOSINE BIOGARAN LP G Alfuzosin HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet, coated, prolonged release 1,115,389 L.L
N06BA09 APO-ATOMOXETINE G Atomoxetine (HCl) - 10mg 10mg Capsule 2,981,987 L.L
G04CA01 APO-ALFUZOSIN G Alfuzosin HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet 2,331,567 L.L
N05AH03 APO-OLANZAPINE ODT G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, orally disintegrating 3,628,375 L.L
N06DA02 ARICEPT B Donepezil HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 3,776,197 L.L
N06DA02 ALZEPIL G Donepezil HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet 1,908,256 L.L
N06DA02 ARIPEZIL 10 G Donepezil HCl - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 2,292,595 L.L
R03DC03 AIRFAST G Montelukast (sodium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 802,274 L.L
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