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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
A04AD12 APREPITANT BIOGARAN G Aprepitant - 80mg 80mg Capsule 2,164,930 L.L
N05AX12 ABIPREX 10 G Aripiprazole - 10mg 10mg Tablet 1,075,074 L.L
N05AX12 ATYPRAL G Aripiprazole - 10mg 10mg Tablet 712,237 L.L
N05AX12 ABIPREX 15 G Aripiprazole - 15mg 15mg Tablet 1,075,074 L.L
N05AX12 ATYPRAL G Aripiprazole - 15mg 15mg Tablet 712,237 L.L
N05AX12 ABILIFY MAINTENA B Aripiprazole - 400mg 400mg Injectable powder for suspension, prolonged release+solvent 29,491,998 L.L
N01BB58 ARTINIBSA 4% WITH EPINEPHRINE 1/100000 B Articaine HCl - 4%, Epinephrine - 1/100.000 Injectable solution 1,968,729 L.L
N01BB58 ARTICAINE MEDIS ADRENALINE G Articaine HCl - 40mg/ml, Adrenaline - 0.07mg/ml Injectable solution 1,881,380 L.L
C07AB03 ATONIUM G Atenolol - 100mg 100mg Tablet 461,207 L.L
C07AB03 APO-ATENOL G Atenolol - 50mg 50mg Tablet 327,898 L.L
C07AB03 ATENOLOL BIOGARAN G Atenolol - 50mg 50mg Tablet, scored 295,645 L.L
C07AB03 ATONIUM G Atenolol - 50mg 50mg Tablet 239,588 L.L
N06BA09 APO-ATOMOXETINE G Atomoxetine (HCl) - 10mg 10mg Capsule 2,981,987 L.L
N06BA09 APO-ATOMOXETINE G Atomoxetine (HCl) - 25mg 25mg Capsule 3,703,630 L.L
N06BA09 APO-ATOMOXETINE G Atomoxetine (HCl) - 40mg 40mg Capsule 4,114,846 L.L
N06BA09 APO-ATOMOXETINE G Atomoxetine (HCl) - 60mg 60mg Capsule 4,731,669 L.L
C10AA05 APO-ATORVASTATIN G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet 889,624 L.L
C10AA05 ASCOVA G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, scored 1,126,268 L.L
C10AA05 ATORLIP 10 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 1,052,037 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVAKEY-10 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 362,837 L.L
C10AA05 APO-ATORVASTATIN G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet 1,088,378 L.L
C10AA05 ASCOVA G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet 1,356,641 L.L
C10AA05 ATORLIP 20 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,279,850 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVAKEY-20 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet 362,837 L.L
C10AA05 APO-ATORVASTATIN G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 40mg 40mg Tablet 1,405,390 L.L
C10AA05 ASCOVA G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 40mg 40mg Tablet 1,612,611 L.L
C10AA05 ATORLIP 40 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 1,484,626 L.L
C10AA05 ATOR MEDIS G Atorvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 305,052 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVA TAD G Atorvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 677,297 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVASTATINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Atorvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, coated 567,102 L.L
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