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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
R03BB01 IPRATROPIUM ARROW ADULTES G Ipratropium bromide - 0.5mg/2ml 0.5mg/2ml Inhalation solution for nebuliser 303,708 L.L
S01GA01 IRIDINA DUE G Naphazoline HCl - 0.5mg/ml 0.5mg/ml Drops solution 469,001 L.L
R05CA12 IVYMUC G Dried Ivy leaf extract - 0.7g/100ml 0.7g/100ml Syrup 300,765 L.L
B05XA03 ISOTONIC SALINE G Sodium chloride - 0.9% 0.9% Injectable solution 188,772 L.L
B05XA03 ISOTONIC SALINE G Sodium chloride - 0.9% 0.9% Injectable solution 174,553 L.L
B05XA03 ISOTONIC SALINE G Sodium chloride - 0.9% 0.9% Injectable solution 167,780 L.L
B05XA03 ISOTONIC SALINE G Sodium chloride - 0.9% 0.9% Injectable solution 170,630 L.L
B05XA03 ISOTONIC SALINE G Sodium chloride - 0.9% 0.9% Injectable solution 166,708 L.L
R01AX ISOTONIC SODIUM CHLORIDE G Sodium chloride - 0.9% 0.9% Solution 153,582 L.L
D05AA ICHTAMMOL OINTMENT G Tars - 10% 10% Ointment 90,869 L.L
D05AA ICHTAMMOL OINTMENT G Tars - 10% 10% Ointment 174,060 L.L
A10AE01 INSULATARD BioTech Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml 100IU/ml Injectable suspension 752,552 L.L
A10AE01 INSULATARD BioTech Insulin (human) - 100IU/ml 100IU/ml Injectable suspension 752,552 L.L
L03AB03 IMUKIN BioTech Interferon gamma - 100mcg/0.5ml 100mcg/0.5ml Injectable suspension 6,348,312 L.L
L04AB02 IXIFI BioTech Infliximab - 100mg 100mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution 23,911,751 L.L
N02CC01 IMIGRAN B Sumatriptan (succinate) - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 616,824 L.L
J02AC02 ITRAZOL G Itraconazole - 100mg 100mg Capsule 149,167 L.L
J02AC02 ITRAZOL G Itraconazole - 100mg 100mg Capsule 559,038 L.L
N05AX13 INVEGA SUSTENNA B Paliperidone palmitate - 100mg 100mg Injectable suspension, prolonged release 18,342,148 L.L
M01AB01 INDOCID B Indometacin - 100mg 100mg Suppository 424,910 L.L
M01AB01 INDOMEL G Indometacin - 100mg 100mg Suppository 222,694 L.L
L01CE02 IRINOGEN G Irinotecan HCl - 100mg 100mg Injectable solution 5,239,642 L.L
L01CE02 IRINOGEN G Irinotecan HCl - 100mg 100mg Injectable solution 5,239,642 L.L
L01EA01 IMATINIB GP PHARM G Imatinib - 100mg 100mg Tablet, coated 26,083,945 L.L
L01EA01 IMATINIB NEAPOLIS G Imatinib - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 31,085,276 L.L
L01EA01 IMATINIB NEAPOLIS G Imatinib - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 16,360,672 L.L
L01EA01 IMATINIB SPC G Imatinib - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 29,473,181 L.L
L04AB02 IXIFI BioTech Infliximab - 100mg 100mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution L.L
L01EF01 IBRANCE B Palbociclib - 100mg 100mg Capsule 172,164,216 L.L
L01EF01 IBRANCE B Palbociclib - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 172,164,216 L.L
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