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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
J06BA02 KIOVIG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 5g/50ml 5g/50ml Injectable solution 35,639,835 L.L
J06BA02 KIOVIG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 54,343,313 L.L
J01CR02 KLAVOX G Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 400mg/5ml, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 57mg/5ml 457mg/5ml Powder for suspension 278,175 L.L
J06BA02 KIOVIG BioHuman Human normal immunoglobulin G - 5g/50ml 5g/50ml Injectable solution L.L
M01AE03 KETOPROFENE MACOPHARMA G Ketoprofen - 100mg/100ml 100mg/100ml Injectable solution 329,241 L.L
B01AC24 KLOTEGO G Ticagrelor - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 2,598,096 L.L
B01AC24 KLOTEGO G Ticagrelor - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 2,598,096 L.L
B01AC24 KLOTEGO G Ticagrelor - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 2,598,096 L.L
M01AE17 KETESSE B Dexketoprofen (trometamol) - 25mg 25mg Tablet, film coated 399,121 L.L
B01AC24 KLOTEGO G Ticagrelor - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 2,598,096 L.L
D07AC13 KONEX G Mometasone furoate - 0.1% 0.1% Solution 385,683 L.L
A10BD10 KOMBIGLYZE XR B Saxagliptin HCl - 2.5mg, Metformin HCl - 1000mg Tablet, extended release 4,059,748 L.L
L01EF02 KISQALI B Ribociclib - 200mg 200mg Tablet, film coated 200,752,977 L.L
L01FD03 KADCYLA BioTech Trastuzumab emtansine - 100mg 100mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution L.L
A10BD10 KOMBIGLYZE XR B Saxagliptin HCl - 5mg, Metformin HCl - 1000mg Tablet, extended release 3,979,118 L.L
M01AE17 KETESSE B Dexketoprofen (trometamol) - 50mg/2ml 50mg/2ml Injectable concentrated solution 435,405 L.L
L01FD03 KADCYLA BioTech Trastuzumab emtansine - 160mg 160mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution L.L
M01AE17 KETESSE B Dexketoprofen (trometamol) - 50mg/2ml 50mg/2ml Injectable solution 435,405 L.L
J01CR02 KLAVOX G Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 875mg, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 125mg 1g Tablet, film coated 338,648 L.L
L01FF02 KEYTRUDA BioTech Pembrolizumab - 100mg/4ml 100mg/4ml Injectable solution L.L
A04AA02 KYTRIL B Granisetron (HCl) - 1mg 1mg Tablet, film coated 2,765,628 L.L
A04AA02 KYTRIL B Granisetron (HCl) - 3mg/3ml 3mg/3ml Injectable solution 3,711,693 L.L
L01XG02 KYPROLIS B Carfilzomib - 60mg 60mg Injectable powder for solution L.L
J01DB01 KEFLEX B Cefalexin (monohydrate) - 250mg/5ml 250mg/5ml Granules for suspension 477,384 L.L
J01DB01 KEFLEX B Cefalexin (monohydrate) - 500mg 500mg Capsule 659,123 L.L
D10AD01 KETREL G Tretinoin - 0.05% 0.05% Cream 397,777 L.L
L04AA52 KESIMPTA BioTech Ofatumumab - 20mg/0.4ml 20mg/0.4ml Injectable solution 96,542,598 L.L
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