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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
L01FD01 TRASTUREL BioTech Trastuzumab - 440mg L.L
C02KX01 TRACTAN G Bosentan (monohydrate) - 125mg 125mg Tablet, film coated 47,747,570 L.L
N02AX02 TRAMADOL DENK 50 G Tramadol HCl - 50mg 50mg Tablet, effervescent 256,674 L.L
C02KX01 TRACTAN G Bosentan (monohydrate) - 62.5mg 62.5mg Tablet, film coated 47,747,570 L.L
D07CC01 TOPIZONE G Fusidic acid - 20mg/g, Betamethasone (valerate) - 1mg/g Cream 216,359 L.L
G04BE08 TADALAGEN G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,032,839 L.L
G04BE08 TADAPRESS G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 13,621,308 L.L
G04BE08 TADILAS G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 607,417 L.L
C10AA05 TARDELIP G Atorvastatin - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 880,537 L.L
G04BE08 TALYS G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,032,839 L.L
C10AA05 TARDEN G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 880,537 L.L
G04BE08 TALYS G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 275,680 L.L
C10AA05 TORVACOL 20 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, coated 1,128,828 L.L
G04BE08 TYRA G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,369,376 L.L
C10AA05 TORVALIP 20 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 972,686 L.L
C10AA05 TOVAST G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,127,484 L.L
C10AA05 TULIP G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,263,212 L.L
C09CA03 TABUVAN G Valsartan - 80mg 80mg Tablet, film coated 387,027 L.L
S01AA09 TETRACYCLINE EYE OINTMENT G Tetracycline HCl - 1% 1% Ointment 71,672 L.L
S01AA12 TOBRACIN G Tobramycin - 0.3% 0.3% Drops 322,522 L.L
S01AA12 TOBRASTILL G Tobramycin - 0.3% 0.3% Drops solution 258,018 L.L
S01AA12 TOBRACIN G Tobramycin - 0.3% 0.3% Ointment 280,863 L.L
L04AA29 TRIJAN G Tofacitinib - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 54,863,315 L.L
G04BE08 TADALAFIL BIOGARAN G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, coated 3,369,013 L.L
C09CA03 TABUVAN G Valsartan - 160mg 160mg Tablet, film coated 544,256 L.L
G04BE08 TADALAGEN G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,766,193 L.L
L04AA29 TRIJAN G Tofacitinib - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 84,793,962 L.L
G04BE08 TADILAS G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,583,046 L.L
G04BE08 TALYS G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,574,216 L.L
G04BE08 TYRA G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 3,566,558 L.L
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