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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
L04AA13 AROTAN G Leflunomide - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 2,014,420 L.L
L02BG04 APO-LETROZOLE G Letrozole - 2.5mg 2.5mg Tablet 1,962,010 L.L
N01BB02 AVOCAINE G Lidocaine - 10% 10% Spray 620,855 L.L
R02A ANGINOVAG G Lidocaine HCl - 100mg/100ml, Hydrocortisone acetate - 60mg/100ml, Tyrothricin - 400mg/100ml, Dequalinium chloride - 100mg/100ml, ?-Glycerrhetinic acid - 60mg/100ml Spray 651,764 L.L
R02AA20 ANGINOVA G Lidocaine HCl - 1mg, Dequalinium HCl - 0.25mg Lozenge 349,399 L.L
J02AA01 AMBISOME B Liposomal Amphotericin B - 50mg 50mg Injectable powder for liposomal dispersion 13,126,040 L.L
R06AX13 APOTHECARE LORATADINE G Loratadine - 10mg 10mg Tablet 495,878 L.L
C10AA02 ATERKEY G Lovastatin - 20mg 20mg Tablet 1,053,573 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable sterile lyophilised powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 0.5g 0.5g Injectable sterile lyophilised powder for solution 19,022,727 L.L
J01DH02 ARCHIFAR G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 6,443,725 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable sterile lyophilised powder for solution 995,723 L.L
J01DH02 AROPEM G Meropenem - 1g 1g Injectable sterile lyophilised powder for solution 19,022,727 L.L
J01DH02 ARCHIFAR G Meropenem - 500mg 500mg Injectable powder for solution 6,443,725 L.L
A07EC02 ASACOL B Mesalazine - 1600mg 1600mg Tablet, modified release 8,454,523 L.L
A07EC02 ASACOL B Mesalazine - 1600mg 1600mg Tablet, modified release 12,310,378 L.L
A07EC02 ASACOL B Mesalazine - 1g/100ml 1g/100ml Enema 2,748,158 L.L
A07EC02 ASACOL B Mesalazine - 400mg 400mg Tablet, enteric coated 5,895,437 L.L
A07EC02 ASACOL B Mesalazine - 500mg 500mg Suppository 1,703,992 L.L
A07EC02 ASACOL B Mesalazine - 800mg 800mg Tablet 6,833,439 L.L
A10BD05 ACTOSMET B Metformin - 850mg, Pioglitazone - 15mg Tablet, film coated 3,101,588 L.L
C02AB02 ALDOMET B Methyldopa - 250mg 250mg Tablet, coated 619,853 L.L
C02AB02 ALDOMET B Methyldopa - 500mg 500mg Tablet, coated 824,074 L.L
D07AC14 ADVANTAN B Methylprednisolone aceponate - 1mg/g 1mg/g Ointment 385,683 L.L
D07AC14 ADVANTAN B Methylprednisolone aceponate - 1mg/g 1mg/g Cream 385,683 L.L
D11AX01 ALOPEXY G Minoxidil - 20mg/ml 2% Solution 532,162 L.L
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