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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
G04BD07 DETRUSITOL B Tolterodine (tartrate) - 2mg 2mg Tablet, film coated 1,995,606 L.L
J01CR02 AUGMENTIN B Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 250mg/5ml, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 62.5mg/5ml 312.5mg/5ml Powder for suspension 542,912 L.L
L01EB04 TAGRISSO B Osimertinib - 80mg 80mg Tablet, film coated 603,192,941 L.L
N02AJ06 EFFERALGAN CODEINE B Paracetamol - 500mg, Codeine phosphate - 30mg Tablet, effervescent scored 215,015 L.L
N03AX18 VIMPAT B Lacosamide - 50mg 50mg Tablet, film coated 1,024,008 L.L
A10BD06 DUETACT B Glimepiride - 4mg, Pioglitazone - 30mg Tablet 3,287,039 L.L
C09AA05 TRITACE B Ramipril - 2.5mg 2.5mg Tablet 263,393 L.L
L01EC01 ZELBORAF B Vemurafenib - 240mg 240mg Tablet, film coated 142,041,587 L.L
M01AE01 ALGIFAST 400 B Ibuprofen Lysine - 400mg 400mg Powder for suspension 473,033 L.L
N02AJ06 EFFERALGAN CODEINE B Paracetamol - 500mg, Codeine phosphate - 30mg Tablet, film coated 215,015 L.L
R06AX27 AERIUS B Desloratadine - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 430,030 L.L
A04AA01 ZOFRAN INJECTION B Ondansetron (HCl dihydrate) - 4mg/2ml 4mg/2ml Injectable solution 6,971,989 L.L
A10BD07 JANUMET B Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Sitagliptin - 50mg Tablet 3,093,525 L.L
D07AB02 LOCOID B Hydrocortisone butyrate - 1mg/g 0.1% Cream 215,015 L.L
G04BD08 VESICARE B Solifenacin succinate - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,619,330 L.L
L01ED01 XALKORI B Crizotinib - 250mg 250mg Capsule 347,644,061 L.L
M01AE01 ALGIFAST PEDIATRIC B Ibuprofen Lysine - 20mg/ml 20mg/ml Suspension 393,746 L.L
N03AX18 VIMPAT B Lacosamide - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 7,835,296 L.L
R06AX27 AERIUS B Desloratadine - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 430,030 L.L
A10BD07 JANUMET B Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Sitagliptin - 50mg Tablet 3,093,525 L.L
D07AB02 LOCOID B Hydrocortisone butyrate - 1mg/g 0.1% Cream 215,015 L.L
L01ED01 XALKORI B Crizotinib - 200mg 200mg Capsule 347,644,061 L.L
M01AE01 ADVIL LIQUI-GELS EXTRA STRENGTH B Ibuprofen - 400mg 400mg Capsule 575,165 L.L
C01DX12 CORVASAL 2MG B Molsidomine - 2mg 2mg Tablet, scored 398,033 L.L
D07AB02 LOCOID B Hydrocortisone butyrate - 0.1% 0.1% Lipocream 221,734 L.L
J01CR02 AUGMENTIN B Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 400mg/5ml, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 57mg/5ml 457mg/5ml Powder for suspension 524,099 L.L
J01FF01 DALACIN-C B Clindamycin HCl - 150mg 150mg Capsule 287,582 L.L
L01ED03 ALECENSA B Alectinib - 150mg 150mg Capsule, hard 490,837,809 L.L
N03AX18 VIMPAT B Lacosamide - 150mg 150mg Tablet, film coated 11,754,896 L.L
L04AA10 RAPAMUNE B Sirolimus - 1mg 1mg Tablet L.L
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