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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 170,630 L.L
C09CA01 LOSANET G Losartan potassium - 100mg 100mg Tablet 395,474 L.L
C10AA05 TORVALIP 20 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 972,686 L.L
D07XC01 BETA-MICOTER G Betamethasone (dipropionate) - 0.5mg/g, Clotrimazole - 10mg/g Cream 415,951 L.L
J01DB04 CEFAZOL IM/IV G Cefazolin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder 5,375,370 L.L
J01MA12 PILOQ G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 980,365 L.L
L04AA31 TERAGIO G Teriflunomide - 14mg 14mg Tablet 49,451,224 L.L
M01AH05 CONSORT G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 338,648 L.L
N05AD01 HALOPERIDOL G Haloperidol - 5mg 5mg Tablet 276,448 L.L
N06AX21 DULOXA 60 G Duloxetine HCl - 60mg 60mg Capsule, delayed release 831,903 L.L
S01AE07 MOXITEC G Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 5mg/ml 5mg/ml Drops solution 464,970 L.L
A06AB05 HUILE DE RICIN G Castor oil - Liquid 163,821 L.L
A10BD20 EMPAZIMET G Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Empagliflozin - 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,840,168 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 252,820 L.L
C09CA01 LOSARTAN BIOGARAN G Losartan potassium - 100mg 100mg Tablet, coated 439,436 L.L
C10AA05 TOVAST G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,127,484 L.L
G04BE08 APO-TADALAFIL G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet 1,635,456 L.L
J01DB04 CEFAZOLIN PANPHARMA G Cefazolin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 5,521,849 L.L
L04AA31 TERAGIO G Teriflunomide - 14mg 14mg Tablet 23,076,914 L.L
M01AH05 COXIFLAM G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 1,109,630 L.L
N02BE01 ADOL G Paracetamol - 250mg 250mg Suppository 124,977 L.L
N06AX21 LOXYT 60 G Duloxetine HCl - 60mg 60mg Capsule, delayed release 831,903 L.L
S01AE07 VIGAMOX G Moxifloxacin (HCl) - 5mg/ml 5mg/ml Drops solution 670,577 L.L
A06AB07 COLON-X G Frangula Purshiana - 62.5mg, Plantago Afra - 100mg, Foeniculum Vulgare - 50mg, Zingiber Officinale - 50mg, Aniseed powder - 20mg, Glycyrrhiza Glabra - 12.5mg, Senna Alexandrina - 25mg Tablet, film coated 833,182 L.L
B01AF01 RIBAVAN G Rivaroxaban - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,343,843 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 284,997 L.L
C03BA11 RAWEL SR G Indapamide - 1.5mg 1.5mg Tablet, prolonged release 362,837 L.L
C10AA05 TULIP G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,263,212 L.L
D07XC03 ELICA M G Mometasone furoate - 0.1%, Miconazole nitrate - 2% Cream 459,594 L.L
G04BE08 DURALIS 5 G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,791,790 L.L
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