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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
L01EF01 PAPILLIO G Palbociclib - 75mg 75mg Capsule, hard 147,883,080 L.L
M01AE02 NOPAIN DS G Naproxen (sodium) - 500mg 500mg Tablet, film coated 235,172 L.L
N03AX18 LACOSAMIDE/GENEPHARM G Lacosamide - 200mg 200mg Tablet 8,284,105 L.L
R02AA05 GOLASEPTINE-LIDOCAINE G Chlorhexidine HCl - 5mg, Lidocaine HCl - 1mg Tablet, chewable 736,426 L.L
A06AB05 HUILE DE RICIN G Castor oil - Liquid 163,821 L.L
A10BD19 EMPAGLINE G Empagliflozin - 25mg, Linagliptin - 5mg Tablet, film coated 2,237,050 L.L
B01AF01 RIBAVAN G Rivaroxaban - 2.5mg 2.5mg Tablet, film coated 3,199,625 L.L
B05BC01 MANNITOL 10% USP INJECTION G Mannitol - 10% 10% Injectable solution 326,367 L.L
C10AA05 TORVACOL 10 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, coated 1,128,828 L.L
G04BE03 PLEASE G Sildenafil - 50mg 50mg Film, orally soluble 2,687,685 L.L
J01CR02 MEGAMOX-JPI G Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 500mg, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 125mg 625mg Tablet 245,923 L.L
J01MA02 BACTALL 500 G Ciprofloxacine (HCl) - 500mg 500mg Tablet, film coated 292,958 L.L
R02AA20 ANGINOVA G Lidocaine HCl - 1mg, Dequalinium HCl - 0.25mg Lozenge 349,399 L.L
A06AB07 COLON-X G Frangula Purshiana - 62.5mg, Plantago Afra - 100mg, Foeniculum Vulgare - 50mg, Zingiber Officinale - 50mg, Aniseed powder - 20mg, Glycyrrhiza Glabra - 12.5mg, Senna Alexandrina - 25mg Tablet, film coated 833,182 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 30g/100ml 30g/100ml Injectable solution 944,626 L.L
C09BB04 PRESORYL PLUS G Perindopril arginine - 5mg, Amlodipine (besylate) - 5mg Tablet 557,695 L.L
C10AA05 TORVALIP 10 G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 767,910 L.L
J01MA02 CIPRO G Ciprofloxacin - 500mg 500mg Tablet, film coated 436,749 L.L
J07AH08 MENQUADFI G Meningococcal (serogroups A, C, W and Y) conjugate vaccine - Injectable solution 4,859,334 L.L
M01AE02 NAPROXENE SODIQUE ARROW G Naproxen (sodium) - 550mg 550mg Tablet, film coated, scored 255,330 L.L
N03AX18 TREPADIO G Lacosamide - 200mg/20ml 200mg/20ml Injectable solution 9,569,390 L.L
N06AB10 APO-ESCITALOPRAM G Escitalopram (oxalate) - 10mg 10mg Tablet 565,758 L.L
R06AX27 AERIALLERG G Desloratadine - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 400,465 L.L
B01AF01 RIBAVAN G Rivaroxaban - 15mg 15mg Tablet, film coated 1,343,843 L.L
B05CX01 GLUCOSE INJ. G Glucose - 6g/20ml 30% Injectable solution 5,157,668 L.L
C02CA04 CURCARD G Doxazosin (mesylate) - 4mg 4mg Tablet 452,875 L.L
C10AA05 TOVAST G Atorvastatin (calcium) - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 1,127,484 L.L
D07AC14 PRENIDERM G Methylprednisolone aceponate - 0.1% 0.1% Cream 312,283 L.L
G04BE03 SILDENAFIL ARROW LAB G Sildenafil - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 1,427,161 L.L
J01CR02 AMOCLAN BID G Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 875mg, Clavulanic Acid (potassium) - 125mg 1g Tablet 456,906 L.L
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