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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
N05AX08 RESPAL 1 G Risperidone - 1mg 1mg Caplet, film coated 309,084 L.L
C09DB01 ARBITEN AM 10/160 G Amlodipine - 10mg, Valsartan - 160mg Caplet, film coated 857,372 L.L
N05AX08 RESPAL 2 G Risperidone - 2mg 2mg Caplet, film coated 342,680 L.L
N05AX08 RESPAL 4 G Risperidone - 4mg 4mg Caplet, film coated 557,695 L.L
J01FA10 AZOMYCIN G Azithromycin (dihydrate) - 250mg 250mg Capsule 361,494 L.L
L01EA03 TASIGNA B Nilotinib - 150mg 150mg Capsule 310,220,984 L.L
J01FA10 AZOMYNE G Azithromycin (dihydrate) - 250mg 250mg Capsule 385,683 L.L
J01FA10 AZOX 250 G Azithromycin (dihydrate) - 250mg 250mg Capsule 346,711 L.L
J01FA10 ERADECIN G Azithromycin - 250mg 250mg Capsule 354,774 L.L
J01FA10 ZETRON G Azithromycin (dihydrate) - 250mg 250mg Capsule 360,150 L.L
J01FA10 ZIMAX G Azithromycin (dihydrate) - 250mg 250mg Capsule 360,150 L.L
J01FA10 ZOMAX G Azithromycin (dihydrate) - 250mg 250mg Capsule 360,150 L.L
M01AC01 PIROXICAM G Piroxicam - 10mg 10mg Capsule 353,239 L.L
N06AA12 DOXEPIN HCl G Doxepin (HCl) - 10mg 10mg Capsule 712,876 L.L
N06AA12 DOXEPIN HCl G Doxepin (HCl) - 50mg 50mg Capsule 965,007 L.L
J01FF01 DALACIN-C B Clindamycin HCl - 150mg 150mg Capsule 287,582 L.L
N03AX16 LYRICA B Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 3,041,116 L.L
J01FF01 DALACIN-C B Clindamycin HCl - 300mg 300mg Capsule 478,408 L.L
N03AX16 LYRICA B Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 3,041,116 L.L
J01FF01 DANALLI G Clindamycin HCl - 300mg 300mg Capsule 267,425 L.L
N03AX16 GABRIKA 150 G Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 819,104 L.L
N03AX16 NERVAX G Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 1,955,291 L.L
N03AX16 NEUREXAL G Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 754,856 L.L
N06AB03 FLUOXETINE BIOGARAN G Fluoxetine (HCl) - 20mg 20mg Capsule 239,204 L.L
A07AA02 MEDISTAN G Nystatin - 500,000IU 500,000IU Capsule 417,231 L.L
N03AX16 PLENICA G Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 997,131 L.L
N06AB03 NEANXETIN G Fluoxetine (HCl) - 20mg 20mg Capsule 422,351 L.L
L01ED01 XALKORI B Crizotinib - 250mg 250mg Capsule 347,644,061 L.L
N03AX16 PMS-PREGABALIN G Pregabalin - 150mg 150mg Capsule 2,534,487 L.L
L01ED01 XALKORI B Crizotinib - 200mg 200mg Capsule 347,644,061 L.L
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