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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
A16AB04 FABRAZYME BioTech Agalsidase beta - 35mg 35mg Injectable powder for concentrate for solution 295,038,213 L.L
H05AA02 FORTEO BioTech Teriparatide - 250mcg/ml 20mcg/80mcl Injectable solution 24,834,241 L.L
A10BD20 FLORIMET 5/1000 G Metformin - 1000mg, Empagliflozin - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,836,585 L.L
R06AE07 FINALLERG G Cetirizine (dihydrochloride) - 5mg/5ml 5mg/5ml Solution 170,668 L.L
D07AC04 FLUOCINOLONE ACETONIDE G Fluocinolone acetonide - 0.25mg/g 0.25mg/g Cream 296,925 L.L
N06AB03 FLUOXETINE BIOGARAN G Fluoxetine (HCl) - 20mg 20mg Capsule 239,204 L.L
A10BD20 FLORIMET 5/1000 G Metformin - 1000mg, Empagliflozin - 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,836,585 L.L
N06AB03 FLUTIN G Fluoxetine (HCl) - 20mg 20mg Capsule 362,837 L.L
A02BA03 FAMODAR 20 G Famotidine - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 552,319 L.L
A02BA03 FAMONOR G Famotidine - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 220,390 L.L
A02BA03 FAMODAR 40 G Famotidine - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 552,319 L.L
A02BA03 FAMONOR G Famotidine - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 439,436 L.L
R06AX FRENALER CORT G Desloratadine - 1mg/ml, Betamethasone - 0.05mg/ml Syrup 741,801 L.L
M01AE01 FEBRIDEX ELIXIR G Ibuprofen - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Elixir 262,369 L.L
M01AE01 FEVERAL G Ibuprofen - 100mg/5ml 100mg/5ml Suspension 309,724 L.L
R06AX FRENALER CORT G Desloratadine - 5mg, Betamethasone - 0.6mg Tablet, film coated 632,950 L.L
A07AX03 FUROXYL G Nifuroxazide - 200mg 200mg Capsule 366,037 L.L
C03CA01 FURESIX 40 G Furosemide - 40mg 40mg Tablet 166,381 L.L
C03CA01 FUROSETIC G Furosemide - 40mg 40mg Tablet, scored 121,586 L.L
C03CA01 FRURETIC G Furosemide - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 2,600,655 L.L
C03CA01 FUROLIX G Furosemide - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 1,612,611 L.L
R06AX26 FENADEX 120 G Fexofenadine HCl - 120mg 120mg Tablet, coated 295,645 L.L
C03CA01 FUROSEMIDE RENAUDIN G Furosemide (sodium) - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 451,531 L.L
C03CA01 FUROSEMIDE SALF G Furosemide - 20mg/2ml 20mg/2ml Injectable solution 216,359 L.L
R06AX26 FENADEX 180 G Fexofenadine HCl - 180mg 180mg Tablet, coated 295,645 L.L
C03CA01 FUROSEMIDE RENAUDIN G Furosemide - 250mg/25ml 250mg/25ml Injectable solution 1,791,342 L.L
C03CA01 FUROSEMIDE S.A.L.F. G Furosemide - 250mg/25ml 250mg/25ml Injectable solution 919,188 L.L
A10BK03 FLORIANCE 25 G Empagliflozin - 25mg 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,791,790 L.L
A10BK03 FLORIANCE 10 G Empagliflozin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 1,791,790 L.L
J01CR50 FLUMOX G Flucloxacillin (monohydrate) - 250mg, Amoxicillin (trihydrate) - 250mg Capsule 348,055 L.L
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