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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
L02BG06 EXEMESTANE GP PHARM G Exemestane - 25mg 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,158,392 L.L
R06AX22 EBASTEL B Ebastine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 722,987 L.L
R06AX26 EXOFEN G Fexofenadine HCl - 120mg 120mg Tablet, film coated 287,582 L.L
R06AX26 EXOFEN G Fexofenadine HCl - 180mg 180mg Tablet, film coated 287,582 L.L
N02AJ06 EFFERALGAN CODEINE B Paracetamol - 500mg, Codeine phosphate - 30mg Tablet, film coated 215,015 L.L
R06AX27 ESLORAT G Desloratadine - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 331,929 L.L
N06AB10 ESCITALOPRAM NORMON G Escitalopram - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 845,277 L.L
J01MA02 ESTECINA 500MG G Ciprofloxacine (HCl) - 500mg 500mg Tablet, film coated 618,168 L.L
G04BE08 ENKOR G Tadalafil - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 1,032,839 L.L
C10AA05 EMITOR G Atorvastatin - 20mg 20mg Tablet, film coated 822,432 L.L
A10BD19 EMPAGLINE G Empagliflozin - 10mg, Linagliptin - 5mg Tablet, film coated 2,237,050 L.L
A10BD19 EMPAGLINE G Empagliflozin - 25mg, Linagliptin - 5mg Tablet, film coated 2,237,050 L.L
N02BE01 EFFERALGAN B Paracetamol - 1g 1g Tablet, film coated 129,009 L.L
A10BD20 EMPAZIMET G Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Empagliflozin - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,840,168 L.L
A10BD20 EMPAZIMET G Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Empagliflozin - 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,840,168 L.L
A10BD21 ENFORZA B Saxagliptin HCl - 5mg, Dapagliflozin - 10mg Tablet, film coated 6,072,824 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 1,109,630 L.L
G04BE08 ENKOR G Tadalafil - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 1,766,193 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 369,877 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXIB G Etoricoxib - 60mg 60mg Tablet, film coated 1,217,521 L.L
C10AA05 EMITOR G Atorvastatin - 40mg 40mg Tablet, film coated 1,060,292 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 1,293,928 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXA G Etoricoxib - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 431,309 L.L
B01AF02 ELIQUIS B Apixaban - 5mg 5mg Tablet, film coated 4,183,603 L.L
M01AH05 ETOXIB G Etoricoxib - 90mg 90mg Tablet, film coated 1,390,877 L.L
B01AF02 ELIQUIS B Apixaban - 2.5mg 2.5mg Tablet, film coated 4,183,603 L.L
A02BC05 ESOMEP G Esomeprazole - 20mg 20mg Tablet, gastroresistant 415,632 L.L
A02BC05 ESOMEP G Esomeprazole - 40mg 40mg Tablet, gastroresistant 474,598 L.L
L04AX03 EBETREXAT G Methotrexate - 5mg 5mg Tablet, scored 1,347,874 L.L
H03AA01 EUTHYROX B Levothyroxine sodium - 25mcg 25mcg Tablet, scored 256,674 L.L
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