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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
A11CC05 ORAVIL G Vitamin D3 - 100,000IU/2ml 100,000IU Solution 618,168 L.L
S01BA07 OPTILONE G Fluorometholone - 0.1% 0.1% Solution 309,084 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAMED G Olanzapine - 5mg 5mg Tablet 665,522 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAPINE ARROW G Olanzapine - 5mg 5mg Tablet 670,577 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAX 5 G Olanzapine - 5mg 5mg Tablet, mouth dissolving 1,316,966 L.L
N05AH03 OLIZAX 5 G Olanzapine - 5mg 5mg Tablet, mouth dissolving 1,466,580 L.L
S01CA01 OPTIDEX T G Dexamethasone - 1mg/ml, Tobramycin - 3mg/ml Drops suspension 266,081 L.L
M02AA15 OLFEN G Diclofenac sodium (diethylamine) - 1% 1% Gel 268,769 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAMED G Olanzapine - 20mg 20mg Tablet 3,941,938 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAX 10 G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, mouth dissolving 2,329,327 L.L
N05AH03 OLIZAX 10 G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, mouth dissolving 2,598,096 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAMED G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Tablet 902,294 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAPINE ARROW G Olanzapine - 10mg 10mg Tablet 822,432 L.L
N05AH03 OLANZAPINE ARROW G Olanzapine - 7.5mg 7.5mg Tablet 822,432 L.L
C10BA05 OTOREZA G Atorvastatin - 10mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 908,438 L.L
C10BA05 OTOREZA 10/10 G Atorvastatin - 10mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 454,219 L.L
C10BA05 OTOREZA 10MG/20MG G Atorvastatin - 20mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 858,715 L.L
C10BA05 OTOREZA 10MG/40MG G Atorvastatin - 40mg, Ezetimibe - 10mg Tablet, film coated 1,144,954 L.L
A12AX OSTRONG G Vitamin D3 - 500IU, Calcium hydrogen phosphate - 600mg Tablet 435,149 L.L
G01AX OVUMIX G Metronidazole - 300mg, Miconazole - 100mg, Neomycin (sulfate) - 48.8mg, Gotu Kola - 15mg, Polymixin sulfate - 4.4mg Suppository 395,090 L.L
J02AC01 ORAMAX G Fluconazole - 150mg 150mg Capsule 170,668 L.L
C09DA08 OLMENOR PLUS G Olmesartan medoxomil - 40mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 653,107 L.L
C09DA08 OLMENOR PLUS G Olmesartan medoxomil - 40mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 653,107 L.L
C09DA08 OLMENOR PLUS G Olmesartan medoxomil - 20mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 628,918 L.L
G02AX OXYTOCIN 10 PANPHARMA 10 UI-1ML G Oxytocin - 10IU/ml 10IU/ml Injectable solution 525,442 L.L
G02AX OXYTOCIN 10 PANPHARMA 10 UI-1ML G Oxytocin - 10IU/ml 10IU/ml Injectable solution 525,442 L.L
C09DA08 OLMENOR PLUS G Olmesartan medoxomil - 20mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 628,918 L.L
S01GX09 OLOPAT G Olopatadine (HCl) - 0.1% 0.1% Drops solution 524,099 L.L
S01GX09 OLOPAT UD G Olopatadine (HCl) - 0.1% 0.1% Drops solution 1,523,917 L.L
M04AA03 OXUBAT 120 G Febuxostat - 120mg 120mg Tablet, film coated 1,549,002 L.L
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