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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 219,493 L.L
J01MA02 CIPROFLOXACINE PANPHARMA G Ciprofloxacine (HCl) - 400mg/200ml 400mg/200ml Injectable solution 9,908,924 L.L
L01XX41 HALAVEN B Eribulin mesylate - 0.88mg/2ml 0.88mg/2ml Injectable solution L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 170,079 L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 194,211 L.L
J01MA12 TAVANIC 500MG B Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 1,988,887 L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 284,997 L.L
J01MA12 EVOXIL HELLAS G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 959,504 L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 220,643 L.L
J01MA12 LEVOFLOXACIN- HAMELN G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 5mg/ml Injectable solution 1,632,769 L.L
L04AB04 HUMIRA BioTech Adalimumab - 40mg/0.4ml 40mg/0.4ml Injectable solution L.L
B05CX01 10% DEXTROSE INJECTION USP G Dextrose,H2O - 10g/100ml 10% Injectable solution 252,820 L.L
J01MA12 LEVOFLOXACIN NORMON G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 5mg/ml Injectable solution 27,147,388 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 170,630 L.L
J01MA12 LEVOFLOXACINA BASI G Levofloxacin - 5mg/ml 5mg/ml Injectable solution 56,572,950 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 194,211 L.L
J01MA12 LEVOFLOX-MEDIS 500 G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 1,834,345 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 219,493 L.L
J01MA12 LOXAMOX G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 747,176 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 170,630 L.L
J01MA12 PILOQ G Levofloxacin - 500mg/100ml 500mg/100ml Injectable solution 980,365 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 252,820 L.L
N05AD01 HALDOL DECANOAS B Haloperidol (Decanoate) - 50mg/ml 50mg/ml Injectable solution 444,812 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 284,997 L.L
B02BX06 HEMLIBRA BioTech Emicizumab - 30mg/ml 30mg/ml Injectable solution L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE G Dextrose, H2O - 10g/100ml 10g/100ml Injectable solution 220,643 L.L
J01DB04 HIKMA CEFAZOLIN G Cefazolin (sodium) - 1g 1,000mg Injectable solution 215,015 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 10% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 10% 10% Injectable solution 217,195 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 10% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 10% 10% Injectable solution 191,913 L.L
B05CX01 DEXTROSE 10% INJECTION, USP G Glucose - 10% 10% Injectable solution 168,929 L.L
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