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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
C09AA01 APO-CAPTO G Captopril - 50mg 50mg Tablet, scored 1,752,371 L.L
C10AA01 SIMVASTATIN NORMON G Simvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, film coated 264,737 L.L
J01CA01 ANTALPEN G Ampicillin (trihydrate) - 125mg/5ml 125mg/5ml Powder for suspension 174,060 L.L
J05AP08 NUCLEOBUVIR G Sofosbuvir - 400mg 400mg Tablet, film coated 50,670,440 L.L
M01AB05 DICLO-DENK 75 INJECTION G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg/3ml 75mg/3ml Injectable solution 716,268 L.L
N01AH01 FENTANYL PANPHARMA G Fentanyl - 0.5mg/10ml 0.5mg/10ml Injectable solution 1,243,054 L.L
N03AX12 GABANET 400 G Gabapentin - 400mg 400mg Capsule 1,607,236 L.L
N05BA08 ANXYL G Bromazepam - 3mg 3mg Tablet, scored 167,660 L.L
P01BA02 DOLQUINE G Hydroxychloroquine sulfate - 200mg 200mg Tablet, coated 1,191,988 L.L
R05X CODOPALM EXPECTORANT G Ipeca Tincture - 3mg, Promethazine HCl - 100mg, Potassium guaiacosulfonate - 0.9g Syrup 291,806 L.L
V03AE01 RESINCALCIO G Calcium Polystyrene Sulphonate - 99.75g/100g 99.75% w/w Powder for suspension 1,673,084 L.L
A04AA01 VOMITRON G Ondansetron (HCl) - 4mg/5ml 4mg/5ml Solution 858,779 L.L
A10BD08 VILDIAB M 50/1000 G Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Vildagliptin - 50mg Tablet, film coated 1,029,383 L.L
B01AC06 ASPICOT G Acetylsalicylic acid - 100mg 100mg Tablet, enteric coated 134,384 L.L
B05BB02 DEXTROSE 2.5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.45% G Sodium chloride - 0.45g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 2.5g/100ml Injectable solution 176,974 L.L
C01CA26 EPHEDRINE RENAUDIN G Ephedrine HCl - 30mg/ml 3% Injectable solution 693,423 L.L
C09AA01 CAPTACE G Captopril - 50mg 50mg Tablet, scored 652,724 L.L
C10AA01 STAVINE G Simvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet 207,336 L.L
D06AX01 FUCIKALT G Fusidic acid (sodium salt) - 2% 2% Ointment 209,895 L.L
J01CA01 AMPICILLIN G Ampicillin (trihydrate) - 250mg/5ml 250mg/5ml Powder for suspension 206,056 L.L
L01EA01 APO-IMATINIB G Imatinib - 100mg 100mg Tablet 38,330,537 L.L
M01AB05 DOLONIL G Diclofenac sodium - 75mg/3ml 75mg/3ml Injectable solution 337,880 L.L
N01AH03 SUFENTANIL RENAUDIN G Sufentanil (citrate) - 250mcg/5ml 250mcg/5ml Injectable solution 3,524,899 L.L
N03AX12 GABAPENTINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Gabapentin - 400mg 400mg Capsule 1,342,499 L.L
V03AE01 RESINSODIO G Sodium polystyrene sulphonate - 99.75g/100g 99.75g/100g Powder for suspension 1,534,668 L.L
A04AA01 VOMITRON G Ondansetron (HCl) - 4mg/5ml 4mg/5ml Solution 304,604 L.L
A10BD08 VLUDIN MET G Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Vildagliptin - 50mg Tablet, film coated 735,914 L.L
B01AC06 ASPIPHAR G Acetylsalicylic acid - 100mg 100mg Tablet, enteric coated 134,384 L.L
B05BB02 DEXTROSE 2.5% & SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.45% G Sodium chloride - 0.45g/100ml, Dextrose, H2O - 2.5g/100ml Injectable solution 198,578 L.L
C01CA26 EPHEDRINE AGUETTANT G Ephedrine HCl - 3mg/ml 3mg/ml Injectable solution 7,827,491 L.L
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