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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
S02DA01 OTIPAX B Lidocaine HCl - 1g/100g, Phenazone - 4g/100g Drops 236,516 L.L
B01AB11 VESSEL DUE F TAB. B Sulodexide - 250LRU 250LSU Capsule, soft gelatin 2,792,505 L.L
G03DA04 UTROGESTAN B Progesterone micronised natural - 200mg 200mg Capsule 587,259 L.L
L01CE01 HYCAMTIN IV B Topotecan HCl - 4mg 4mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution 52,580,031 L.L
L01XG03 NINLARO B Ixazomib - 3mg 3mg Capsule, hard 348,420,676 L.L
L04AX06 IMNOVID B Pomalidomide - 2mg 2mg Capsule, hard 407,188,707 L.L
N03AX09 LAMICTAL B Lamotrigine - 25mg 25mg Tablet 1,088,270 L.L
N07XX02 RILUTEK B Riluzole - 50mg 50mg Tablet, film coated 15,886,212 L.L
S02DC WAXSOL B Docusate sodium - 0.5% 0.5% Drops solution 157,230 L.L
A03FA09 MOSAR B Mosapride citrate - 5mg 5mg Tablet, coated 798,242 L.L
G03DA04 UTROGESTAN B Progesterone micronised natural - 200mg 200mg Capsule 587,259 L.L
J01DH02 MERONEM B Meropenem (trihydrate) - 1g 1g Injectable powder for solution 10,398,061 L.L
L01CE01 HYCAMTIN IV B Topotecan HCl - 4mg 4mg Injectable lyophilised powder for solution 52,580,031 L.L
L01XG03 NINLARO B Ixazomib - 2.3mg 2.3mg Capsule, hard 272,619,919 L.L
L04AX06 IMNOVID B Pomalidomide - 4mg 4mg Capsule, hard 417,741,356 L.L
N07XX07 FAMPYRA B Fampridine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, prolonged release 17,636,804 L.L
R05CB06 MUCOSOLVAN LA B Ambroxol HCl - 75mg 75mg Capsule 345,368 L.L
A04AA01 ZOFRAN B Ondansetron (HCl dihydrate) - 8mg 8mg Tablet, film coated 6,061,174 L.L
D04AB01 XYLOCAINE B Lidocaine - 10mg/spray dose 100mg/ml Spray 667,890 L.L
G03DA04 UTROGESTAN B Progesterone micronised natural - 200mg 200mg Capsule 587,259 L.L
L01XJ01 ERIVEDGE B Vismodegib - 150mg 150mg Capsule 465,368,012 L.L
N05AX12 ABILIFY MAINTENA B Aripiprazole - 400mg 400mg Injectable powder for suspension, prolonged release+solvent 29,491,998 L.L
N07XX07 FAMPYRA B Fampridine - 10mg 10mg Tablet, prolonged release 18,175,448 L.L
C01AA05 LANOXIN PG B Digoxin - 0.05mg/ml 0.05mg/ml Elixir 307,740 L.L
L01XK01 LYNPARZA B Olaparib - 100mg 100mg Tablet, film coated 230,789,350 L.L
N05AX13 INVEGA B Paliperidone - 9mg 9mg Tablet, extended release 5,825,557 L.L
N07XX08 VYNDAMAX B Tafamidis - 61mg 61mg Capsule 784,020,041 L.L
A10BD02 GLUCOVANCE B Metformin HCl - 500mg, Glibenclamide - 2.5mg Tablet, film coated 542,192 L.L
C01AA05 LANOXIN B Digoxin - 0.25mg 0.25mg Tablet 215,015 L.L
C09DX01 EXFORGE HCT B Valsartan - 160mg, Amlodipine - 5mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg Tablet, film coated 1,333,092 L.L
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