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Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome

Generalities
Agent Rubella virus, genus Rubullovirus, family Togaviridae
Incubation period 14-17 days (range 14-21 days)
Period of transmissibility - 7 days before rash and 4 days after rash onset
- From congenital rubella: infants shed the virus for several months after birth
Reservoir Humans
Modes of transmission - Person-to-person: direct contact with droplets
- Infants with Congenital Rubella Syndrome shed large quantities of virus in their pharyngeal secretions and urine.
- Materno-foetal transmission: 90% of infants born to women infected with rubella during the 1st trimester. The risk of transmission is 10-20% by the 16th week, and rare after the 20th week.
Clinical presentation - Febril maculo-papular rash
- Complications: thrombocytopenia (1/3000), post-infectious encephalitis (1/6000), rarely chronic arthritis
- Congenital Rubella Syndrome: Congenital malformation as deafness, cataracts, microphtalmia, congenital glaucoma, pigmentary retinopathy, nystagmus, microcephaly, meningo-encephalitis, mental retardation, patent ductus arteious, atrial or ventricular septal defects, other congenital heart disease, purpura, hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, radiolucent bone disease
Resources
Case definitions - MOPH circular no 12 (2013): Acquired Rubella
- MOPH circular no 45 (2007): Congenital Rubella Syndrome
Forms - Rash reporting form
- CRS reporting form
- Rash investigation form
- CRS investigation form
Data - Rubella 2021
- Rubella 2020
- Rubella 2019
- Rubella 2018
- Rubella 2017
- Rubella 2016
- Rubella 2015
 
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ATC Name B/G Ingredients Dosage Form Price
B05BC01 MANNITOL 20% INJECTION, USP G Mannitol - 20g/100ml 20g/100ml Injectable solution 402,213 L.L
C01EB17 BRAVIGO G Ivabradine (HCl) - 7.5mg 7.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,237,679 L.L
C09AA05 TRILTEC G Ramipril - 10mg 10mg Capsule 575,933 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVASTATINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Atorvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, coated 567,102 L.L
J01CA04 MOXILEN G Amoxicillin (sodium) - 1g 1g Injectable dry powder for solution 998,475 L.L
J01FA10 AZICIN 250 BENTA G Azithromycin - 250mg 250mg Tablet, film coated 423,630 L.L
L01EA02 DASATINIB NEAPOLIS G Dasatinib - 140mg 140mg Tablet, film coated 127,364,905 L.L
L02BG03 ANASTROZOL GP PHARM G Anastrozole - 1mg 1mg Tablet, film coated 1,181,238 L.L
M01AB16 LOFLAM G Aceclofenac - 100mg 100mg Tablet 767,334 L.L
N01BB02 LIDO-CARE G Lidocaine - 2% 2% Injectable solution 100,788 L.L
P03AB02 GAMMAPHARM G Lindane - 1% 1% Shampoo 195,817 L.L
R06AD52 FLUISEDAL G Promethazine HCl - 2.5g/5ml, Meglumine benzoate - 130mg/5ml, Polysorbate 20 - 15mg/5ml Syrup 550,821 L.L
V07AB01 STERILE WATER FOR INJECTION G Water for Injection - Water for injection, irrigation 203,481 L.L
A06AB58 CITRAFLEET G Sodium picosulfate - 10mg/sachet, Magnesium oxide (light) - 3.5g/sachet, Citric acid (anhydrous) - 10.97g/sachet, Potassium - 195mg/sachet Powder for solution 1,191,988 L.L
A10BD20 EMPAZIMET G Metformin HCl - 1000mg, Empagliflozin - 12.5mg Tablet, film coated 1,840,168 L.L
B01AF01 RIBAVAN G Rivaroxaban - 15mg 15mg Tablet, film coated 1,343,843 L.L
B05BC01 OSMITOL G Mannitol - 20g/100ml 20g/100ml Injectable solution 579,064 L.L
C01EB17 IVABRADINE ARROW G Ivabradine (HCl) - 7.5mg 7.5mg Tablet, film coated, scored 1,323,685 L.L
C09BA01 CAPTACE PLUS G Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg, Captopril - 50mg Tablet, scored 1,028,487 L.L
C10AA05 ATORVASTATINE ARROW GENERIQUES G Atorvastatin - 10mg 10mg Tablet, coated 567,102 L.L
J01CE01 PENICILLINE G PANPHARMA G Benzylpenicillin (sodium) - 1,000,000IU 1,000,000IU Injectable powder for solution 2,858,353 L.L
J01FA10 AZIFAST 250 G Azithromycin - 250mg 250mg Tablet, film coated 423,630 L.L
L02BG03 ANASTROZOLE BIOGARAN G Anastrozole - 1mg 1mg Tablet, coated 3,800,387 L.L
M01AB55 DIFEN FLEX G Diclofenac sodium - 50mg, Pridinol mesylate - 4mg Tablet, film coated 575,165 L.L
N01BB02 ? 2% LIDOCAINE HCL USP G Lidocaine HCl - 2% 2% Injectable solution 255,970 L.L
N03AX14 KEPCITAM G Levetiracetam - 1000mg 1000mg Tablet, film coated 3,119,058 L.L
N05CF04 INDUCTAL G Eszopiclone - 2mg 2mg Tablet, film coated 1,411,035 L.L
P03AB02 GAMMA BENZENE HEXACHLORIDE G Lindane - 1% 1% Lotion 167,660 L.L
R06AD52 FLUISEDAL G Promethazine HCl - 2.5g/5ml, Meglumine benzoate - 130mg/5ml, Polysorbate 20 - 15mg/5ml Syrup 393,746 L.L
V07AB01 STERILE WATER FOR INJECTION G Water for injection - Water for injection, irrigation 264,311 L.L
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