Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
B05BB02	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Glucose - 5%		Injectable solution	222,941 L.L
B05BB02	SOLUFLEX DEXTROSE 5% SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Glucose - 5%		Injectable solution	158,587 L.L
B05	SOLUFLEX POTASSIUM CHLORIDE 20meq/l SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Potassium chloride - 20meq/l		Injectable solution	232,134 L.L
B05	SOLUFLEX POTASSIUM CHLORIDE 40meq/l SODIUM CHLORIDE 0.9% INJECTION USP	G	Sodium chloride - 0.9%, Potassium chloride - 40meq/l		Injectable solution	293,041 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 10%	10%	Injectable solution	4,129,004 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 10%	10%	Injectable solution	5,779,226 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	5,675,800 L.L
B05XA03	SODIUM CHLORIDE	G	Sodium chloride - 20%	20%	Injectable solution	784,890 L.L
B05BB01	SOLUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	236,731 L.L
B05BB01	SERUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	216,046 L.L
B05BB01	SERUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	232,134 L.L
B05BB01	SOLUFLEX LACTATED RINGER'S INJECTION, USP	G	Sodium lactate - 3.1g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 0.2g/l, Potassium chloride - 0.3g/l, Sodium chloride - 6g/l		Injectable solution	264,311 L.L
G04BD08	SOLIFAS	G	Solifenacin succinate - 10mg	10mg	Tablet, film coated	971,598 L.L
G04BD08	SOLIFENACINE ARROW	G	Solifenacin succinate - 10mg	10mg	Tablet	952,784 L.L
G04BD08	SOLIFAS	G	Solifenacin succinate - 5mg	5mg	Tablet, film coated	971,598 L.L
G04BD08	SOLIFENACINE ARROW	G	Solifenacin succinate - 5mg	5mg	Tablet	952,784 L.L
C07AA07	SOTALOL BIOGARAN	G	Sotalol hydrochloride - 160mg	160mg	Tablet, scored	357,462 L.L
C07AA07	SOTALOL BIOGARAN	G	Sotalol hydrochloride - 80mg	80mg	Tablet, scored	288,926 L.L
B05BA02	SMOFLIPID	G	Soya oil - 6%, Olive oil - 5%, Fish oil - 3%, Medium chain triglycerides - 6%	20%	Injectable emulsion	1,424,473 L.L
A02BX02	SUCRATE GEL	G	Sucralfate - 1g	1g	Gel	636,981 L.L
N01AH03	SUFENTANIL RENAUDIN	G	Sufentanil (citrate) - 250mcg/5ml	250mcg/5ml	Injectable solution	3,524,899 L.L
N01AH03	SUFENTANIL RENAUDIN	G	Sufentanil (citrate) - 5mcg/ml	10mcg/2ml	Injectable solution	755,239 L.L
S03AA30	SULFACHLOR	G	Sulfacetamide sodium - 110mg/ml, Chloramphenicol - 5mg/ml		Drops solution	202,216 L.L
D06BA05	SULFANILAMIDE	G	Sulfanilamide - 12g	12g	Powder	151,022 L.L
N02CC01	SUMAREX	G	Sumatriptan (succinate) - 100mg	100mg	Tablet, film coated	1,088,512 L.L
L01EX01	SUTENT	B	Sunitinib maleate - 12.5mg	12.5mg	Capsule	54,006,801 L.L
L01EX01	SOVIDEX	G	Sunitinib maleate - 12.5mg	12.5mg	Capsule	36,042,560 L.L
L01EX01	SUNITINIB AQVIDA	G	Sunitinib maleate - 12.5mg	12.5mg	Capsule, hard	38,073,237 L.L
L01EX01	SUTENT	B	Sunitinib maleate - 12.5mg	12.5mg	Capsule	L.L
L01EX01	SUTENT	B	Sunitinib maleate - 25mg	25mg	Capsule	98,852,769 L.L