Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
A03AX	COLPERMIN	B	Pepermint oil - 187mg	187mg	Capsule, delayed release	632,950 L.L
C09AA04	COVERSYL ARGININE	B	Perindopril arginine - 10mg	10mg	Tablet, film coated	452,875 L.L
C09BB04	COVERAM	B	Perindopril arginine - 10mg, Amlodipine - 10mg		Tablet	1,116,733 L.L
C09BB04	COVERAM	B	Perindopril arginine - 10mg, Amlodipine - 5mg		Tablet	1,116,733 L.L
C09BX02	COSYREL	B	Perindopril arginine - 10mg, Bisoprolol fumarate - 5mg		Tablet, film coated, scored	749,864 L.L
C09AA04	COVERSYL ARGININE	B	Perindopril arginine - 5mg	5mg	Tablet, film coated	452,875 L.L
C09BB04	COVERAM	B	Perindopril arginine - 5mg, Amlodipine - 5mg		Tablet	821,088 L.L
C09BX02	COSYREL	B	Perindopril arginine - 5mg, Bisoprolol fumarate - 5mg		Tablet, film coated, scored	749,864 L.L
N06BX03	CEBROTONIN	G	Piracetam - 800mg	800mg	Tablet, film coated	577,852 L.L
B05XA01	CHLORURE DE POTASSIUM PROAMP	G	Potassium chloride - 0.0746g/ml	0.0746g/ml	Injectable concentrated solution	1,252,461 L.L
B05XA01	CHLORURE DE POTASSIUM RENAUDIN	G	Potassium chloride - 10g/100ml	10g/100ml	Injectable solution	360,150 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE E	G	Potassium chloride - 2.611g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 7.00g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 190.505g/l, Sodium chloride - 205.49g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE C	G	Potassium chloride - 2.611g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.33g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 190.505g/l, Sodium chloride - 204.54g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE F	G	Potassium chloride - 3.914g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 3.558g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 7.719g/l, Acetic acid 100% - 6.010ml/l, Sodium chloride - 208.631g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE SG	G	Potassium chloride - 3.92g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 166.7g/l, Sodium chloride - 214.76g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS TYPE D	G	Potassium chloride - 5.215g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 5.32g/l, Calcium chloride, 2H2O - 8.99g/l, Sodium acetate, 3H2O - 166.7g/l, Sodium chloride - 214.76g/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05XA01	CHLORURE DE POTASSIUM RENAUDIN	G	Potassium chloride - 7.46g/100ml	7.46%	Injectable solution	385,683 L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS R	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.40 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:105.8 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140.5 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS2	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.5 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS L	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:106.5 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:135 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS	G	Potassium chloride - K+:1.5 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:111.5 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LS3	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.60 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
B05ZA	CONCENTRATE SOLUTION FOR HEMODIALYSIS LM	G	Potassium chloride - K+:2.00 mmol/l, Magnesium chloride - Mg++:0.75 mmol/l, Calcium chloride - Ca++:1.75 mmol/l, Sodium acetate - Cl-:112 mmol/l, Sodium chloride - Na+:140 mmol/l		Injectable solution	L.L
G03DA04	CYCLOGEST	G	Progesterone - 400mg	400mg	Pessary	1,546,763 L.L
G03DA04	CRINONE	B	Progesterone - 8%	8%	Gel	4,734,357 L.L
R06AD52	CODOPALM	G	Promethazine HCl - 5mg/5ml, Sodium gentisate - 0.5mg/5ml		Syrup	149,742 L.L
A06AX05	CONSTIPRIDE	G	Prucalopride succinate - 1mg	1mg	Tablet, film coated	2,015,764 L.L
A06AX05	CONSTIPRIDE	G	Prucalopride succinate - 2mg	2mg	Tablet, film coated	2,956,454 L.L
R06AA59	CARIBAN	B	Pyridoxine HCl - 10mg, Doxylamine succinate - 10mg		Capsule, hard, modified release	1,701,305 L.L
A11JC	CYSTINE B6 BAILLEUL	B	Pyridoxine HCl - 50mg, L-Cystine - 500mg		Tablet, coated	862,747 L.L