Meningitis

Generalities
Agent	There are several agents causing meningitis. 1) Main Bacteria: - Neisseria meningitidis (meningococcus): Gram negative diplococci. Main invasive serotypes are A, B, C, W135, X, and Y. - Haemophilus influenza: Gram negative cocco-bacilli. There are 6 serotypes from (a) to (f). The serotype (b) is responsible of invasive infection. - Streptococcus pneumonia (pneumococcus): Gram positive diplococci. There are more than 90 serotypes. - Leptospira: spirochetes, Leptospira interrogans (26 serogroups) - Listeria monocytogenes: Gram positive, rod-shapped - Other bacterial agents: Staphylococcus, enteric bacteria, group B streptococci, Mycobacterium tuberculosis… 2) Virus: - Mumps - Measles - West Nile virus: a Flavivirus - Enterovirus: including Coxsackieviruses A (2-4, 7, 9-10), Coxsackieviruses B (1-6), Echoviruses (2, 5-7, 9-11, 14, 18, 30), Enterovirus 71, Poliovirus (1-3) - Herpes Simplex virus (types 1 and 2): family Herpesviridae - Varicella-Zoster virus: Human (alpha) Herpesvirus 3 (varicella-zoster) from the group Herpesvirus - Adenovirus: Adenovirus, several types (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7), genus Mastadenovirus, family Adenoviridae, - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: an Arenavirus - Sandfly fever viruses: genus Phlebovirus, family Bunyaviridae. They include more than 60 antigenically distinct virus serotypes. Two main groups are identified: a) Sandfly fever group including the Naples serocomplex (Karimabad virus, Arabia virus, Massilia virus, Punique virus, Tehran virus, Toscana virus …) and Sicilian serocomplex; and b) Uukuniemi group -Other virus: arboviruses… 3) Parasites: - Candida albicans, cryptococcus…
Incubation period	varies with the agent
Period of transmissibility	varies with the agent
Reservoir	varies with the agent
Modes of transmission	varies with the agent
Clinical presentation	varies with the agent
Resources
Case definition	- MOPH circular no. 52 (2007): Meningitis - MOPH circular no. 63 (2007): Neisseria meningitidis - MOPH circular no. 54 (2007): Haemophilus influenzae b - MOPH circular no. 36 (2012): West Nile Virus
Forms	- Meningitis reporting form - Meningitis investigation form
Data	- Weekly report

ATC	Name	B/G	Ingredients	Dosage	Form	Price
B05D	CAPD/DPCA 19Solution for peritoneal dialysis sleep safe	G	Sodium chloride - 5.786g/l, Sodium-(S)-lactate - 3.925g/l, Calcium chloride 2H2O - 0.1838g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 0.1017g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 22.73g/l, Fructose , - up to 1.1g/l		Injectable solution	715,794 L.L
B05D	CAPD/DPCA 2Solution for peritoneal dialysis stay safe	G	Sodium chloride - 5.786g/l, Sodium-(S)-lactate - 3.925g/l, Calcium chloride 2H2O - 0.2573g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 0.1017g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 15g/l, Glucose monohydrate - 16.5g/l		Injectable solution	707,716 L.L
B05D	CAPD/DPCA 3Solution for peritoneal dialysis	G	Sodium chloride - 5.786g/l, Sodium-(S)-lactate - 3.925g/l, Calcium chloride 2H2O - 0.2573g/l, Magnesium chloride, 6H2O - 0.1017g/l, Anhydrous glucose - 42.50g/l, Glucose monohydrate - 46.75g/l		Injectable solution	740,031 L.L
A06AB58	CITRAFLEET	G	Sodium picosulfate - 10mg/sachet, Magnesium oxide (light) - 3.5g/sachet, Citric acid (anhydrous) - 10.97g/sachet, Potassium - 195mg/sachet		Powder for solution	1,191,988 L.L
N03AG01	CONVULEX	G	Sodium valproate - 100mg/ml	100mg/ml	Injectable solution	4,441,399 L.L
N03AG01	CONVULEX	G	Sodium Valproate - 300mg/ml	300mg/ml	Solution	1,018,633 L.L
N03AG01	CONVULEX RETARD	G	Sodium Valproate - 500mg	500mg	Tablet, prolonged release	423,310 L.L
N03AG01	CONVULEX	G	Sodium Valproate - 50mg/ml	50mg/ml	Syrup	213,671 L.L
H01AC01	CINNATROPIN	BioTech	Somatropin recombinant - 10mg/1.5ml	10mg/1.5ml	Injectable solution	9,012,607 L.L
H01AC01	CINNATROPIN	BioTech	Somatropin recombinant - 5mg/1.5ml	5mg/1.5ml	Injectable solution	4,699,417 L.L
D06BA02	CREM-O-SULFA	G	Sulfathiazole - 5%	5%	Cream	202,216 L.L
G04BE08	CIALIS	B	Tadalafil - 20mg	20mg	Tablet, film coated	3,101,588 L.L
G04BE08	CIALIS	B	Tadalafil - 5mg	5mg	Tablet, film coated	6,512,261 L.L
H05AA02	CINNOPAR	BioTech	Teriparatide - 250mcg/ml	250mcg/ml	Injectable solution	15,275,833 L.L
A11EA	COMBEDOX	G	Thiamine HCl - 100mg/2ml, Pyridoxine HCl - 100mg/2ml, Cyanocobalamin - 1000mcg/2ml, Dexpanthenol - 50mg/2ml, Nicotinamide - 100mg/2ml		Injectable solution	374,996 L.L
S01ED51	COMBIGAN 2mg/ml 5mg/ml	B	Timolol - 5mg/ml, Brimonidine tartrate - 2mg/ml		Drops solution	1,181,238 L.L
S01ED51	COMBIGAN 2mg/ml 5mg/ml	B	Timolol - 5mg/ml, Brimonidine tartrate - 2mg/ml		Drops solution	1,181,238 L.L
S01ED51	COMBISOPT	G	Timolol maleate - 5mg/ml, Dorzolamide HCl - 20mg/ml		Drops solution	935,570 L.L
S01CA01	CO-AVAZIR	G	Tobramycin - 0.3%, Dexamethasone - 0.1%		Drops suspension	193,513 L.L
D10AD51	CLINIDERM T	G	Tretinoin - 0.025%, Clindamycin (phosphate) - 1%		Gel	801,186 L.L
D10AD51	CLINIDERM T	G	Tretinoin - 0.05%, Clindamycin (phosphate) - 1%		Gel	890,776 L.L
C01EB15	CARMETADIN	G	Trimetazidine - 35mg	35mg	Tablet, film coated, modified release	631,606 L.L
J01EE01	CO-TRIMOXAZOLE	G	Trimethoprim - 160mg, Sulfamethoxazole - 800mg		Tablet	7,529,090 L.L
J01EE01	CO-TRIMOXAZOLE	G	Trimethoprim - 160mg, Sulfamethoxazole - 800mg		Tablet	183,019 L.L
C09DA03	CO-DIOVAN	B	Valsartan - 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg		Tablet, film coated	846,621 L.L
C09DA03	CO-ANGINET	G	Valsartan - 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg		Tablet, film coated	544,256 L.L
C09DA03	CO-TABUVAN	G	Valsartan - 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg		Tablet, film coated	544,256 L.L
C09DA03	CO-DIOVAN	B	Valsartan - 160mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 25mg		Tablet, film coated	901,718 L.L
C09DA03	CO-DIOVAN	B	Valsartan - 80mg, Hydrochlorothiazide - 12.5mg		Tablet, film coated	602,041 L.L
L01CA02	CELLCRISTIN	G	Vincristine sulfate - 1mg/ml	1mg/ml	Injectable solution	1,166,025 L.L